https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Aerospace_Hawk_200
The British Aerospace Hawk 200 is a single-seat, single engine light multirole
fighter designed for air defence, air denial, anti-shipping, interdiction, close
air support, and ground attack.
In 1984, British Aerospace (now BAE Systems) decided to pursue development of a
combat-orientated variant of the Hawk aircraft, designated as Hawk 200; up to
this point the Hawk family had been typically employed by operators as an
advanced trainer with secondary combat capabilities. A single flying
demonstrator aircraft was produced to support the development process. This made
its first flight on 19 May 1986.
Less than two months after first taking flight, the Hawk 200 demonstrator was
lost in a fatal accident, killing BAe test pilot Jim Hawkins; Hawkins is alleged
to have either became disoriented or to have fallen unconscious, due to g-LOC (g
induced loss of consciousness), while executing high-g manoeuvres to explore the
aircraft's agility.
Despite the loss of the demonstrator, the company decided to proceed with the
Hawk 200; by 1987, the first pre-production samples were being manufactured. In
1990, the Hawk 200 received its first order when Oman opted to procure a batch
of twelve Hawk 203s, all of which were delivered by 1993.
The Hawk 200 is a single-seat, single engine light multirole fighter with a
small visual signature and high manoeuvrability. It has a low-mounted cantilever
wing and is powered by a single turbofan engine. The Hawk 200 differs from the
earlier Hawks in the sense that it has a new forward fuselage whereby the
forward cockpit area which normally houses a pilot is replaced by an electronics
bay for avionics and onboard systems, including a fire control computer,
multi-mode radar, laser rangefinder and forward-looking infrared (FLIR). The
Hawk 200 also has an upgraded wing, which in addition to four wing pylons seen
in previous Hawks, also has wingtip missile support as well as greater wing
area, increased wing droop, larger flaps and an optional mid-air refueling
capability.
Role
Light multirole fighter
Manufacturer
British Aerospace
First flight
19 May 1986
Introduction
1986
Status
In service
Primary users
Indonesian Air Force
Royal Malaysian Air Force
Royal Air Force of Oman
Produced
1990-2002
Number built
62
Developed from
BAE Systems Hawk
On 5 March 2013, amidst the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff, 5 Hawk 208s aircraft,
along with 3 F-18D Hornets of the Royal Malaysian Air Force, were deployed in
airstrikes on hideouts of the defunct sultanate and terrorist group Royal
Security Forces of the Sultanate of Sulu in Lahad Datu, Sabah Malaysia ahead of
the ground assault by joint forces of the Malaysian Army and Royal Malaysia
Police.
The Hawk 208s flew 15 sorties, each Hawk 200 dropping Mk 82 unguided bombs in
the first sortie and firing CRV7 rockets at additional ground targets on the
second and third. A spokesman for Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak said in a
phone interview that the objective of the airstrikes was to "soften the ground
before troops move in,".
Variants
Hawk 203 Export version for the Royal Air Force of Oman
Hawk 205 Proposed export version for the Royal Saudi Air ForceHawk 208Export
version for the Royal Malaysian Air Force; only version equipped with a mid-air
refueling probe.
Hawk 209 Export version for the Indonesian Air Force
Specifications
General characteristics
Crew: 1
Length: 11.38 m (37 ft 4 in)
Wingspan: 9.39 m (30 ft 10 in)
Height: 4.16 m (13 ft 8 in)
Wing area: 16.69 m2 (179.6 sq ft)
Aspect ratio: 5.3
Empty weight: 4,128 kg (9,101 lb)
Max takeoff weight: 9,101 kg (20,064 lb)
Fuel capacity: 1,360 kg (3,000 lb) internal: 3,210 kg (7,080 lb) with 3 drop
tanks
kN (5,800 lbf) thrust
Performance
Maximum speed: 1,037 km/h (644 mph; 560 kn) at sea level
Maximum speed: Mach 1.2 (never exceed at altitude)
Cruise speed: 796 km/h (495 mph; 430 kn) at 12,500 m (41,000 ft)
Stall speed: 197 km/h (122 mph; 106 kn) flaps down
Range: 892 km (554 mi; 482 nmi) internal fuel only
Combat range: 617 km (383 mi; 333 nmi) with 3x Sea Eagle and 2x 592 l (156 US
gal; 130 imp gal)
Ferry range: 1,950 km (1,212 mi; 1,053 nmi) with 3 drop tanks
Service ceiling: 15,250 m (50,030 ft)
g limits: +8 -3
Rate of climb: 58.466 m/s (11,509.1 ft/min) Takeoff distance with maximum weapon
load: 2,134 m (7,001 ft)
Landing distance at maximum landing weight with brake chute: 854 m (2,802 ft)
Landing distance at maximum landing weight without brake chute: 1,250 m (4,100
ft)
Armament
with provisions to carry combinations of: Other:
Reconnaissance pod
Up to 3 drop tanks for ferry flight or extended range/loitering time
Rockets:
SNEB
CRV7
Missiles:
Air-to-air missiles: AIM-120 AMRAAM
Skyflash
AIM-132 ASRAAM
AIM-9 Sidewinder
Air-to-surface missiles: AGM-65 Maverick,
Anti ship missiles: Sea Eagle
Bombs:
Mark 82 bomb
Mark 83 bomb
Paveway II
BL755 cluster bomb
Sting Ray torpedo
Avionics
AN/APG-66
Marconi forward-looking infrared
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