ARMSBK.RTF
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\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24 DUNGEON MASTER\'ae Guide
\par Rules Supplement
\par }{
\par
\par
\par
\par }\pard \qc\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\adjustright {\fs72 Arms
\par and
\par Equipment
\par Guide
\par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\adjustright {
\par
\par }{\fs24 Copyright 1995, TSR, Inc. All rights reserved.
\par }{
\par
\par
\par }{\fs44\cf9 Introduction}{
\par
\par }{\fs24 Dungeon Masters of the world, relax!
\par \tab Until now, you've all had to duck or dodge questions about armor, lengths of swords,
and the blades (or lack of them) on pole arms. At best, you've said, "It kinda looks like a . . . " At worst, you've had to go to the library to look up such information.
\par \tab A few of you are fortunate to be scholars of history and already know the answers to such questions. But for the rest of you, this book contains the information you've been waiting for.
\par \tab The }{\i\fs24 Arms and Equipment Guide}{\fs24 is the most complete compilation of information about armor, weapons, and equipment for the AD&D\'ae
game to date. It is intended to help both DMs and players to understand and better use the wide variety of equipment available. We've included a plethora of illustrations to make this volume as user-friendly as possible.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 For DMs:}{\fs24 Be aw
are that the information in this work encompasses a wide variety of equipment suitable for many campaign styles. Don't be afraid to veto certain weapons or armor to suit your own campaign world. The intention of this book is not to provide adventurers wit
h every weapon known to man; it is merely to expand the choices available. Feel free to disallow any items that don't fit the grand scheme of your campaign.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Historical Accuracy:}{\fs24 Every attempt has been made to ensure that the information presented here is h
istorically accurate. However, scholars of history often disagree among themselves, resulting in conflicting opinions among resources. If you find that the information in this volume disagrees with what you know of history, consider checking one of the re
sources listed below. Or chalk it up to to a different historian. (If you're convinced we've blundered, we're always happy to hear about it in a letter. Any documentation you can provide would be appreciated.)
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Weapons:}{\fs24 As the longest section in this book, the weapons chapter has some unique features. You'll find comments from seasoned adventurers in }{\i\fs24 italicized}{\fs24
type. These are intended to offer new ideas for role-playing. You'll also find numerous boxed entries. These boxes contain interesting historical tidbits that might provide role-playing ideas and are just plain fun to read.
\par \tab With these things in mind, you're ready to go forth and conquer. Here's hoping that the }{\i\fs24 Arms and Equipment Guide}{\fs24 will help you do it!
\par
\par
\par }{\fs36\cf9 References and Additional Reading}{
\par }{\fs24 Ashdown, Charles Henry. }{\b\fs24 European Arms & Armour.}{\fs24 Brussel & Brussel, New York, 1967.
\par Brooks Picken, Mary. }{\b\fs24 The Language of Fashion.}{\fs24 Funk and Wagnalls Company, New York, 1939.
\par Cassin-Scott, Jack. }{\b\fs24 Costumes and Settings for Staging Historical Plays--Volume 2, The Mediaeval Period.}{\fs24 Plays, Inc., Boston, 1979.
\par Duggan, Alfred. }{\b\fs24 Growing Up in 13th Century England.}{\fs24 Pantheon Books, New York, 1962.
\par ffoulkes, Charles. }{\b\fs24 The Armourer and His Craft From the XIth to the XVIth Century.}{\fs24 Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1912 and 1988.
\par Gorsline, Douglas. }{\b\fs24 What People Wore.}{\fs24 Bonanza Books, New York, 1952.
\par Sichel, Marion. }{\b\fs24 History of Men's Costume.}{\fs24 Batsford Academic and Educational Ltd., London, 1984.
\par Stone, George Cameron. }{\b\fs24 A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor in All Countries and in All Times.}{\fs24 Jack Brussel, New York, 1961.
\par Tarassuk, Leonid, and Blair, Claude, editors. }{\b\fs24 The Complete Encyclopedia of Arms and Weapons.}{\fs24 Simon and Schuster, New York, 1979.
\par Yarwood, Doreen. }{\b\fs24 The Encyclopedia of World Costume.}{\fs24 Bonanza Books, New York, 1978.
\par
\par
\par }{\fs44\cf9 CHAPTER 1}{\cf9
\par }{\fs24\cf9
\par
\par }{\fs44\cf9 Armor}{\cf9
\par }{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Padded Armor (AC 8)
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Padded armor, also referred to as quilted armor, is the simplest form of manmade armor. It consists of two or more layers of spun cloth stuffed with thick batting and quilted together.
\par \tab Padded armor typically covers the chest and shoulders, but full-length suits are sometimes seen.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Padded armor is m
ostly found among the poor and unskilled. Only the poorest excuses for armed forces would be caught dead in padded armor. The bulky and restrictive nature of the armor makes it a poor substitute for a stout set of leather (}{\i\fs24 q.v.}{\fs24 ).
\par \tab Village militias, neophyt
e bandit packs, urban street gangs, and primitive barbarian hordes are the most common users of padded armor. In short, this includes anyone who cannot afford leather armor (i.e., the truly destitute), cultures without the technology to tan hide (i.e., th
e truly primitive), or those who have no other option at their time of need (i.e., the truly desperate).
\par \tab Padded armor can be made by any race or nation. Thus, it is common protection for the poorer classes. Since making a padded suit of armor requires litt
le more than a crude needle and thread, low-level or desperate adventurers in need of additional protection can usually whip up a set of padded armor in less than two days. The durability and level of comfort afforded by the homemade suit naturally varies
in direct proportion to the skill of the would-be armorer. For game purposes, several layers of heavy cloth or furs can be considered padded armor for the purposes of determining a character's base armor class.
\par \tab Padded armor, being little more than multipl
e layers of clothing, tends to soil and wear out easily. Although newly fashioned sets may sell cheaply, padded armor must be replaced often, even if it is well cared for. Lice, sweat, dirt, fleas, and insects all take their toll.
\par \tab If the DM judges that a
set of padded armor has seen its last days, the armor class of the armor drops one place (AC 9). The armor, now rotted and torn, is little more than bulky clothing. Importantly, heavily soiled armor reduces the wearer's saving throws against disease and d
isease-causing spells by -2.
\par \tab Under ideal conditions, a set of padded armor should be replaced monthly. However, when travelling through heavily infested swamps or in monster-laden forests, padded armor may require replacement as often as every few days. On
any long journey, spare sets of padded armor should be taken along as if they were spare sets of clothing. Too much frugality before a journey can lead to much discomfort later.
\par \tab Naturally, those who have no access to better armor try to make the best app
earance whenever they can. Nobody wants to appear cheap or desperate, especially when they are. Therefore, decorating one's padded armor is the most common form of "upgrading" the appearance of one's forces. All armies and nations have banners and shields
adorned with their own colors, and these colors are often repeated in intricate patterns on their padded armor. This is most often seen when the local king or noble quickly recruits the local farmers' militia to defend his lands or aid him in launching an
assault. The wives, sisters, and daughters quickly whip up anything they can to protect their ill-trained husbands, brothers, and sons. The colors of the lord are either quilted into the design of the armor in checkerboard fashion, or painted or dyed onto
the hastily prepared protection.
\par \tab In similar fashion, the most nefarious of evil knights have been known to use quilted armor to camouflage their own soldiers as peasants of the opposing ranks, taking devious advantage of the militia's known lack of combat training.
\par \tab This is only one of many reasons why 0-level fighters are neither feared nor respected by the armed forces. Certainly in the case of padded armor, one can tell a knave by his suit.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Leather Armor (AC 8)
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Leather armor, despite the popular misconception, is not soft and supple like the leather used to make a ranger's boots or a druid's robe. That kind of leather offers no better protection than common clothing.
\par \tab Leather armor is actually strong and stiff, having been hardened in boi
ling oil and then stretched over a wooden or stone model of a man's or woman's chest. The resulting breastplate and shoulder guards are combined with a tunic or kirtle and, in colder climes, leggings of wool or soft leather.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 This is the most
common form of "modern" armor. The materials (leather and oil) are readily available in all civilized lands. Only the techniques for boiling and shaping the leather is necessary, and this is not a difficult feat for a leatherworker.
\par \tab Thi
s armor is both inexpensive and durable. While the leather is extremely stiff, it is never fashioned into anything larger than a breastplate, which keeps restriction of movement to a minimum. Naturally, this arrangement means leather armor affords no prot
ection to the joints, but this is true of most types of armor, and is a challenge all civilized races have been attempting to overcome since wars began.
\par \tab In severe combat situations, leather armor may need to be replaced weekly. However, the armor is easily
cleaned, reasonably unaffected by weather, and resists all but the severest of abrasions. This means a good set of leather can be worn daily for many months without need for replacement. Many retired warriors and middle-class militia have a set of leathe
r armor stored away that they take out and polish at least annually.
\par \tab Because raw leather comes from a by-product of medieval daily life (i.e., eating beef and other meats), in civilized societies leather armor is very common. Even rural communities have li
ttle trouble manufacturing leather armor for the troops within a few days.
\par \tab Cows are not the sole source of hide for tanning. Horses, sheep, and camels can be used just as easily. In short, the creature must have a thicker skin than that of a normal man, b
ut not quite as thick as that of an elephant of bear. The skins of these well-protected creatures, when tanned, becomes hide armor (}{\i\fs24 q.v}{\fs24 .).
\par \tab Irregular human forces (e.g., militias and levies, freemen, commoners above peasant level, barbarians, light infant
ry, and marines) are the primary users of leather armor, for the following reasons: A) leather armor is drastically cheaper and more readily available than metal armor; B) the armor can be worn for long periods of time without leading to increased fatigue
or disease; C) the method or protection is so simple that many armies can make new sets of armor from cattle seized in newly raided territories, often scant days before meeting the defenders in battle; and D) they can be stockpiled for years without the e
xcessive maintenance required by metal armors that are prone to rust.
\par \tab Another benefit of leather armor, much extolled by those of a more disreputable persuasion, is the ease which it can be silenced. While leather armor is not typically noisy, its buckles
and fasteners tend to rattle and clink. Unlike metal armor, leather armor is easily muffled by clothing and as such makes little sound during normal movement. Additional layers of clothing further dampen sounds made by the wearer while hiding. More rouges
than can be counted owe their lives to muffled leather armor.
\par \tab The freedom of movement, adequate general protection, lack of noise, high availability, and low price make this the armor of choice for the general human population.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Studded Leather Armor (AC 7)
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24
Studded leather armor has little in common with normal leather armor. While leather armor is a hardened shell, studded leather armor is soft and supple with hundreds of metal rivets affixed. The rivets are so close together that they form
a flexible coating of hard metal that turns aside slashing and cutting attacks. The soft leather backing is little more than a means of securing the rivets in place.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Studded leather armor is known as "poor man's mail" because of its metalli
c components and low price. It is more common among the general population than most people would first believe because, unlike other types of mail armor, studded leather is relatively easy to make.
\par \tab While a soft leather backing is the most durable and com
fortable, any stout cloth can be used as a backing for the rivets. The rivets themselves are also easy to acquire, as everything from nails to pebbles have been substituted at one time or another in times of desperation. In general, as long as the backing
is secure and the rivets are hard enough to withstand a glancing blow, the armor so comprised should be considered studded leather for purposes of weight and protection.
\par \tab Studded leather, like brigandine (described later), is commonly worn by pirates and o
ther seafarers. The protection afforded is better than normal leather armor, which is an important point during sea combat when a shield may not be practical (a shield is useless when climbing or fighting in a ship's rigging).
\par \tab With regard to swimming, the
weight of studded leather is significantly less than metal armor, and the flexibility of the soft leather backing is better for such demanding activity. Indeed, for short times in the water, it is as easy to maneuver in studded leather as it is to move i
n
a normal leather breastplate. Therefore, most sea-going mercenaries and pirates prefer to wear studded leather as their all-purpose armor. Trained marine contingents, however, whose main function is boarding, usually wear normal leather and carry a shiel
d.
\par \tab
Miserly merchants, who shave pieces of gold more than they like to admit, will often buy studded leather to outfit their hired guards. However, these copper-pinchers pay for the protection one way or another, as studded leather tends to wear out rather
quickly. Not only does the soft backing wear out as quickly as thick clothing, but the metal studs can be affixed only by driving them through the leather, considerably weakening the overall strength of the backing. Eventually, the holes open up and the r
ivets drop out. Studded leather is also prone to the same problems of sweat, grime, and insects as padded armor (}{\i\fs24 q.v.}{\fs24 ).
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Spiked Leather
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A variation of studded leather that is sometimes seen among barbarians of northern climes (and, oddly, among some hill
giant clans) is spiked leather. Much as it sounds, spiked leather armor is studded leather armor in which the rivets have been augmented by sharp spikes. (Most intelligent beings would be worried about mounting spikes into their armor, just in case they s
hould trip and fall, not to mention the problems packing or storing the armor).
\par \tab Overbearing and grappling while wearing such armor inflicts additional damage based on the wearer's size. A small creature inflicts 1-2 points of piercing damage, a man-sized c
reature inflicts 1-3 points, and a large creature inflicts 1-4 points. These values are considered for each individual attack, not for every round that a creature is grappled.
\par \tab Spiked armor is usually made specially for the wearer and costs about 150% of the price of a normal set of studded leather.
\par \tab Spiked armor is occasionally used to equip gladiators, pit fighters, and other specialists.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Hide Armor (AC 6)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Hide armor is made from the thick hide of a very large animal (an elephant, for example) or from many layers of normal leather from common animals, like cows.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Hide armor is much too thick, heavy, and inflexible to be used much in the advanc
ed human cultures. Its weight is comparable to chain mail, but its protection is less. However, among the barbaric humanoid masses throughout the dark forests and misty jungles of the world, hide armor is common.
\par \tab Because of its simple construction, any ra
ce with Low Intelligence or better can make suitable hide armor. All that is required is a dead animal and someone to wear its skin. Since no effort to tan the hide is necessary to get basic protection, creatures with a desire for excellent protection at
a fair price (i.e., usually free) find hide armor ideal for everyday use. Proper tanning, of course, improves the armor's life (and acceptance in polite society).
\par \tab The smell of untanned armor, as any ogre can testify, is something a warrior must get used to.
\par \tab
As mentioned in the section on leather armor, the stiffness that results when hide armor dries completely isn't considered a drawback by humanoids. (In fact, without that stiffness, the hide would lose one level of armor class protection.) For only a li
ttle bit of work, any humanoid worth his hit dice can start adventuring at AC 6 and begin hunting for a shield.
\par \tab Ironically, while leather armor may allow greater freedom of movement, durability, and a more pleasant appearance and smell, hide armor is actu
ally two levels of protection better (AC 6 instead of AC 8). It illustrates that humans trust their dexterity and intelligence to aid in avoiding wounds during combat, while less-intelligent humanoids typically rely on reducing the chances of a vital stri
ke with a thicker armor.
\par \tab Like padded armor, hide armor is often decorated to show tribal allegiances. Commonly, the type of creature used to make the armor is sufficient to denote clan alliance, as with the Hydra clan fire giants or the Black Bear ogres.
\par \tab
Unique to the humanoid races is the habit of affixing some part of one's notable kill to one's hide armor. While this doesn't affect the armor class rating of this armor in any substantial way, it does tend to make one less popular around the civilized ca
m
pfire but more important around the humanoid or barbarian camp. Importantly, these trophies, which often include such grisly things as skulls, scalps, teeth and claws, are considered a sign of ferocity and ruthlessness and are therefore seen most commonly
among high leaders and shamans.
\par \tab The equivalent of hide armor among humans and demihuman races is layered leather armor, wherein many layers of normal leather armor are bonded to one another to form a heavy, thick plate of protection. This armor is conside
red hide armor with regard to weight and cost, but does not suffer the problems of odor and disease seen in hide and padded armors.
\par \tab Few human cultures employ hide armor extensively. Most notably, certain northern barbarian tribes commonly wear thick hide
armor. Some of these tribesmen actually believe that the hide armor gives them animal-like strength and powers, and that human armors like chain and plate mail actually rob them of their innate combat instincts. While this may be dismissed as ignorant sup
erstition, there are shamans of the northern wastes who tell great tales of famous suits of hide armor, blessed with the spirits of the animals from which they came.
\par \tab Whether or not special hide armor exists (like the }{\i\fs24 White Skin of Umpluutu}{\fs24 , which allows the wearer to }{\i\fs24 shapechange}{\fs24
into a polar bear) is up to the DM, but hide armor offers unique avenues in a barbarian or primitive campaign.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Scale Mail (AC 6)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 This is a coat of soft leather covered with overlapping pieces of metal, much like the
scales of a fish. It is just as heavy as chain mail, but offers slightly worse protection. It has no significant advantages over hide or brigandine armor.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Scale mail is an old type of armor, much like splint mail (described later). It never
became popular in western medieval culture for very long; its production was found to be too time-consuming and thus less efficient to make in comparison to other armor types. In the AD&D\'ae
game context, scale mail is most common in Dark Age periods, in foreign cultures, or in those areas where its materials are unusually plentiful.
\par \tab Some human cultures, notably those similar to the Byzantines and other eastern and southern kingdoms, did not pursue the evolution of armor made of large plates, but rather chos
e to make use of small plates. Where metal is not forged but is instead cut from sheets of malleable metal ores, the technology of scale mail and its successors (splint, brigandine, and banded armor) predominates.
\par \tab This is not a matter of primitive versus civilized, but rather two separate approaches to the same problem. Where western cultures stress protection, eastern cultures seek to maximize flexibility (and ventilation in the hotter climates).
\par \tab The scales in scale armor are made smaller in order to make the suit more flexible and comfortable when worn. Indeed, in this respect, scale mail far exceeds either plate or banded mail.
\par \tab However, all those scales require more maintenance, as the more items attached to an armor's backing, the greater the chance some will fall off. Scale armor not properly maintained loses one level of armor class protection.
\par \tab Scale mail suffers the same problems of dirt, grime, lice, and odor that studded leather and padded armor suffer.
\par \tab Scale mail does offer protection as good as that of brigandine for the same price and at a comparable weight. The choice between scale mail and brigandine armor is likely to be determined by the nature of the cultures in the DM's campaign world.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Sea Elf Scale Mail
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab
The most intricately constructed demihuman scale mail is found in the undersea kingdoms of the sea elves. More as a matter of appearance and ceremony than for additional protection, the sea elves adapted the idea of scale mail to their own peculiar design
s
. Their armor can be worn underwater, as it is made of metals that do not rust, and the scales are affixed to a backing of eel-skin, which does not disintegrate as leather does in salt water. Brought forth only in times of war or of great ceremony, this e
xpensive armor is worn only by the noble elven elite.
\par \tab This scale mail is unique among others for its beautiful silver coating. Some armorers wonder whether this coating is silver, platinum, or even mithril. It is generally agreed that the rare scale mail o
f the sea elves is nearly as valuable as elven chain mail (}{\i\fs24 q.v.}{\fs24 ).
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Coin Armor
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A variant of scale mail is armor made with the common coins of the realm. This coin armor is seen only rarely, and then usually among dignitaries and high generals. Each set of
armor can stock a large quantity of coins (up to 1,000!). Rarely are they stolen, however, as the people who are rich enough to wear them are also rich enough to see to their personal security.
\par \tab There are many variations possible, from armor scaled wholly of gold or silver coins to mixed suits wherein the coins themselves are arranged in a personal, family, clan, or other heraldric pattern.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Brigandine Armor (AC 6)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 A development of both scale mail and studded leather, brigandine armor is com
posed of a layer of small metal plates riveted to an undercoat of soft leather, thick cloth, or coarse canvas. A further overcoat of cloth is applied to the exterior of the suit, making for a layered protection that is lighter than scale mail. An alternat
ive configuration is for the plates to be sandwiched between two layers of soft leather.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Brigandine is a light armor of composite construction, often worn by brigands and other rogues. The armor is essentially a variant of studded leather wit
h an overcoat of cloth. The cloth covering serves both to strengthen the entire framework as well as to make the armor less conspicuous from a distance. Brigandine armor is quieter than chain, splint, or banded mail, but less quiet than studded leather or
leather armor.
\par \tab Brigandine weighs more than hide but less than scale mail. It is generally more flexible than hide, but its three layers make it somewhat stiffer than scale mail.
\par \tab Brigandine armor is generally the best armor a run-of-the-mill village armor
er can make and still get good results. For anything with a higher armor class, a professional master armorer is required. This means that brigandine armor is the highest level of protection afforded many low-level AD&D\'ae game cultures and campaigns.
\par \tab This represents the limit for the early Middle Ages period AD&D campaign. If a campaign resembles the Dark Ages more than the Age of Chivalry, scale mail and brigandine armor probably represent the pinnacle of personal armor.
\par \tab Pirates and bandits (i.e., brigand
s) find that brigandine can be made from anything on hand from sails to canvas sacks, and from coins to brass shavings. Such armor still offers decent protection against most slashing attacks (the most common types encountered in these professions).
\par \tab As mentioned, brigandine is easier to muffle than most metal armors and mails and thus is the armor of choice among many rogues and the less reputable members of the campaign society.
\par \tab Rangers often own a set of brigandine as a field combat backup to their norm
al armor of either studded leather or leather. Poor or novice rangers and warriors might be able to afford or acquire brigandine armor when other armors might not be accessible.
\par \tab Brigandine armor can also be useful for smugglers, allowing items to be conce
aled within its multiple layers. Not only coins and precious metals might be concealed, but treasure maps, personal defense traps, and concealed weapons are all possibilities for the clever character. Whether these are actual machinations of devious minds
or just rumors spread to discourage personal thievery is a subject of some debate among adventurers and legal authorities.
\par \tab What is known is that it is possible to conceal such items, either within the padding or by interleaving them with the metal plates.
This potential for use (or abuse) of brigandine armor in the campaign should not be overlooked by the DM or player. Secret pockets for use by thieves or prestidigitators might be revealed in the heat of combat, or local authorities may miss a valuable cl
ue the PCs are lucky enough to discover on their own. Much like gnomish workman's leather (described later), an adventurer's set of brigandine may hold many welcome or unwelcome surprises.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Chain Mail (AC 5)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Chain mail is made of interlocking metal rings. It is always worn over a layer of padded fabric or soft leather to prevent chafing and lessen the impact of blows.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Chain mail is the standard medium armor in most fantasy campaigns. In many places, it is
so common that the price of a good suit of chain mail may actually be cheaper than less sophisticated armors like scale mail and brigandine. This makes the appeal of chain mail armor very high indeed.
\par \tab Chain mail is only slightly heavier than hide or briga
ndine armor and much lighter than any of the plate armors. Important to the wearer, however, is the fact that the weight of a suit of chain mail does not rest evenly upon the body. Rather, most of the burden of a chain suit rests upon the shoulders, makin
g chain armor feel heavier than it really is.
\par \tab In game terms, this means chain mail can be worn for only about a day before the shoulders of even the strongest warriors begin to fatigue. Experienced warriors usually carry a second set of lighter armor (ofte
n leather or studded leather) for use when traveling or at night when not on watch.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Optional Rule:}{\fs24 Prolonged shoulder fatigue from wearing chain mail more than one day at a time affects combat (-2 to hit) and leads to headaches and backaches.
\par
\par \tab In general
, chain mail is worn by mid-level fighters, guardsmen, mercenaries, and men-at-arms with some official capacity. The price of chain mail is equivalent to many years income for most peasants, and is thus out of reach for most common folk. However, some mid
dle-class families have a set or two of heirloom chain mail armor handed down from glorious days past for use in dangerous days to come.
\par \tab Typically, town guards and noble patrols are bedecked in chain mail armor. It is perfect for short duty tours and gives
the noble warrior a great advantage over the local rabble. Just the difference between chain mail and leather armor alone can give the officer a significant advantage over most ruffians. Anyone wearing chain mail armor with any sort of heraldic crest or
uniform is usually assumed to be a local official of some kind by the experienced and perceptive traveler.
\par \tab In general, chain mail is the basis for all of the more advanced and more protective armors found in most AD&D\'ae game campaigns. The potentially low c
ost of chain mail is a reflection of the fact that many sets of chain mail are bought as a base for banded mail and the more sophisticated plate armors.
\par \tab Because chain mail armor is not usually worn for long periods at a time, its underlying padding rarely
suffers the problems of padded armors. The metal mail, however, will rust if not oiled and scrubbed with a wire brush weekly. After a month of neglect, chain mail armor loses one level of armor class since it is no longer as flexible and links may have b
egun to rust. (Naturally, this applies only to ferrous armor mail and not to chain mail constructed of non-ferrous metals).
\par \tab Chain mail is certainly the best armor value for adventurers who cannot yet afford the heavier armors.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Ring Mail}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This form of chai
n mail is made by sewing large metal rings to a leather or cloth backing. Ring mail has the same role in early-period campaigns that chain mail has in later ones. In later campaigns, it is more expensive to buy than chain mail, weighs a comparable amount,
provides worse protection (AC 7), and suffers all the maintenance problems of padded and studded leather armor. Few human groups, other than town militias and bandit gangs, use ring mail to any significant degree.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Banded Mail (AC 4)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Banded
mail armor is made of overlapping horizontal strips of laminated metal sewn over a backing of normal chain mail and soft leather backing. Lamination in this context refers to a process in which many thin sheets of metal are hammered or riveted together to
form each individual metal strip.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 This type of armor is most commonly worn by eastern warriors and would be as common as plate mail in a culture based on the Turks, for example, late period Mongols, or the Japanese.
\par \tab In a western campaign, b
anded mail can be considered to be the precursor of plate armor. Since banded mail inevitably will have gaps between the metal strips, however, the total protection of vital areas is not quite as good as heavier plate armors. The result is the slightly po
orer armor class rating of banded mail.
\par \tab The strength and flexibility of chain mail makes it ideal for protecting the jointed areas where large metal plates are traditionally incapable of providing adequate protection.
\par \tab One advantage of this metal-and-chain
arrangement over chain mail alone is the fact that the construction of banded mail naturally restricts movement of the metal plates across the torso. The beneficial side effect is that the weight of the armor is more evenly distributed on the wearer, mak
ing it easier to wear banded mail for longer periods of time.
\par \tab In game terms, while banded mail does have an overall higher level of protection than normal chain mail, the durability of banded mail, especially at the joints, is about half that of a standard
suit of chain. While a fine set of chain armor might last six months or more, a set of banded mail rarely lasts three months, even with constant upkeep.
\par \tab Much like chain mail, ferrous metal bands are subject to rust. However, since the metal strips found
in banded mail are already inflexible and designed to remain that way, the armor class of rusty banded mail is no different from that of a new suit. However, the estimation of one's peers would certainly be diminished, as a well-tended suit of banded mail
can gleam most beautifully if cared for properly.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Splint Mail
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Splint mail is a variant of banded mail in which the metal strips are applied vertically to the backing of chain, leather, or cloth rather than horizontally as in banded mail
. Since the human body does not swivel in mid-torso as much as it flexes back to front, splint mail is more restrictive in battle.
\par \tab In game terms, splint mail is to banded mail as scale mail is to brigandine: splint mail is the style of the earlier and less efficient armoring techniques. Much like scale and ring mail (}{\i\fs24 q.v.}{\fs24
), splint mail will be used by the less advanced cultures and poorer warriors. Its relatively low street price in a western campaign when compared to banded mail and even chain is due to t
he fact that few western warriors will even touch a set of splint mail unless they are destitute or desperate.
\par \tab The protection splint mail affords is equivalent to that of banded mail, but it is much more fatiguing to wear in a lengthy battle. Furthermore,
broken splints tend to work inward toward the wearer in the course of a battle. More than a few warriors have found themselves painfully cut across the ribs when broken banded mail would have merely shifted up or down. Maintenance problems for splint mai
l are otherwise the same as for banded mail.
\par \tab For characters with a light purse, splint mail can be picked up in seedier armor shops. Its price makes it ideal for adventurers who want the extra bit of protection over chain mail.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Bronze Plate Mail (AC 4)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 The softest of the true plate mail armors, bronze plate mail is made of heavy metal plates attached to a layer of brigandine or composite layers of metal scales and leather or padded armor.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Historically, by the time the armorer'
s craft had advanced to the point that plate mail had become common, steel had replaced bronze as the best metal for constructing armor. Thus, aside from ceremonial armor, most bronze plate mail appears in areas where copper and tin are plentiful and iron
is rare. In general, since bronze plate mail is designed to be lighter and more flexible than normal plate mail (}{\i\fs24 q.v.}{\fs24
), bronze plate armorers use leather and padding under the bronze plates instead of the heavier chain mail. Also, to reduce the overall wei
ght of the armor, there are no bronze plates attached to the moveable joints. A large bronze breastplate and greaves are often the only difference between bronze plate mail and bronze scale or brigandine armor.
\par \tab Bronze plate offers better protection than n
ormal brigandine or chain mail and a lower price tag than standard plate mail. Since bronze plate is usually backed with stiff layered armor rather than loose chain mail, bronze plate mail isn't as flexible as banded, splint, or plate mail.
\par \tab Who would use
bronze plate mail in a standard campaign, when so many other alternatives exist? Plate mail, as will be discussed later, is a sign of nobility to the general population. What does the lowly peasant or innkeeper know of the advantages and disadvantages of
various types of plate mail? Little to be sure. In fact, this armor is one piece of equipment whose price is not determined by its true value in combat but by its perceived value to persons around the wearer.
\par \tab Any knight worth his salt acquires full plate armor (}{\i\fs24 q.v.}{\fs24
) as soon as he can, even if it means selling prized items of magic or a stout warhorse. If a knight can scrape up 400 gold pieces but can't get the extra 200 gold pieces to buy a real set of plate, bronze plate is the only real choice open to him.
\par \tab
More than a few low-level adventurers with perhaps a little too much gold to spend and not enough experience or training in such matters often are cheated into buying bronze plate mail that has been painted silver. They immediately lose 200 gold pieces
in the deal by taking home the inferior armor. After even one such sucker-sale, the charlatan salesman skips town for a few weeks or moves to a different part of the city. Naturally, such gullible warriors usually don't discover their mistake until the h
eat of battle, when a weapon strike that would have bounced off a real set of plate mail dents or cuts through the bogus plate. Caveat emptor!
\par \tab Not all bronze plate is part of a hoax or scam, however. There are versions of bronze plate used by cultures who
for one reason or another haven't learned the fine art of forging iron and steel. There is much precedent for this in history and fantasy, and many advanced cultures have lost the art or never struck the right mix of metals throughout their long history.
These cultures may have developed the skill of forging bronze into a high art, making armor that looks like gold but wears like steel.
\par \tab Note that these types of bronze mail last much longer than the typical medieval forms and may have a backing of solid bro
nze chain and leather. These suits wear like real plate, and the relative softness of the metal is often worked into a decorative design. Easy to emboss with one's family crest or tribal insignia, well-worked bronze shines like gold and can be polished to
the sheen of a mirror. Some tribes have literally won entire battles on the distracting beauty of their exquisite armor alone.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Plate Mail (AC 3)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Plate mail is a combination of chain or brigandine armor with metal plates covering the vital a
reas such as the chest, abdomen and groin. Similar in construction to bronze plate mail, true plate mail comprises heavy steel plates riveted to a sturdy backing of chain and leather. These metal plates are often better constructed than those found in bro
nze plate and banded mails, relying on superior metallurgy and advanced lamination techniques to produce a lightweight steel with excellent combat characteristics.
\par \tab Brigandine backing for this type of armor is rare, because the stiffness of brigandine armor makes this type of backing an unpopular choice among plate armorers and warriors alike.
\par \tab For all of these reasons, plate mail protects the human body more effectively than bronze plate mail.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 The development of plate mail heralded the beginn
ing of the age of chivalry and knighthood. Associated most often with classic French medieval culture, the names given to the segments of plate mail reveal their French origin to this day.
\par \tab The most important metal plate on the armor is called the }{\i\fs24 plastron-de-fer}{\fs24 , or breastplate. It protects the vital chest and abdominal areas from attack. Typically, the shoulders were protected by metal shoulder guards called }{
\i\fs24 epaulieres}{\fs24 . Lower leg protectors, called }{\i\fs24 grevieres}{\fs24 (or greaves), and metal-plated chain gloves, or }{\i\fs24 gauntlets}{\fs24
, are also common accessories to a plate mail suit. Any manner of helm is also desirable (see the section on Helms).
\par \tab Plate mail is the most common form of heavy armor in fantasy campaigns. It provides maximum protection for a fraction of
the cost of field or full plate armor, and can take month after month of grueling combat punishment. It is only moderately heavier than banded or chain mail, and because of its custom fitting and sturdy straps, wears easier than either.
\par \tab Because the plate
s are carefully fitted to combine with the chain suit beneath, the layer of leather or padding beneath the chain is often much thinner and more flexible than that found in banded or brigandine armor. Many long years have gone into perfecting the construct
i
on of plate mail, which makes even the most basic of suits a wonder of medieval engineering. With regard to cost, the purchaser of a set of plate mail may have to fork out a considerable sum of money compared to banded mail, but no wearer of plate mail do
ubts for long the value and summary wisdom of his purchase.
\par \tab Knights, royal guards, and mercenary captains often wear plate mail. Even as a prize of battle, plate mail is infinitely easier to fit to a new owner than either field or full plate armor. Plate m
ail is the preferred protection of the vast percentage of the world's most experienced warriors, because it is not nearly as cumbersome to don or remove as other heavier types of armor.
\par \tab It is a matter of pride among many kingdoms that even the slightest improvement to the general plate mail design was quickly attributed to the armorer who invented the alteration and the king whose wisdom it was to accept the change.
\par \tab As such, most sets of plate mail were constantly upgraded throughout the known world, and
now are very similar indeed. In fact, the perfection of the basic plate mail design was so nearly complete that many armorers had already begun devoting most, if not all, of their time and resources to working field and full plate armor with similar care
and precision.
\par \tab Plate mail is the heaviest armor commonly used by adventurers, both as a matter of pride and for the general necessities of daily use and efficiency.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Field Plate Armor (AC 2)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Field plate is actually a more commonly used form
of full plate armor (described later). It consists of shaped and fitted metal plates riveted and interlocked to cover the entire body. Like plate mail, a set of field plate usually includes gauntlets, boots, and a visored helmet (see Helms). A thick layer
of padding must be worn under the armor.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 This armor is rarely used, except by noble knights on a military campaign. In theory, the bulk of a set of field plate armor is so evenly distributed over the whole body that the encumbrance rating of
field plate compares quite favorably with that of plate mail and banded mail. In practice, the increased protection is paid for with reduced mobility and increased fatigue.
\par \tab Each suit of this extremely rare and expensive armor is custom-made and fitted fo
r its prospective wearer. Only a master armorer can create field or full plate armor, and only a master armorer can re-size captured pieces of a suit for a new owner. The new owner must be of at least a similar size and build as the previous owner, or the
effort required to modify the piece in question exceeds the expense and effort necessary in forging an entire new set.
\par \tab Aside from its expense, the main disadvantages of field plate armor are the lack of ventilation through the suit, which make moisture and fungus a problem, and the time required to put it on and take it off. As detailed in the AD&D\'ae 2nd Edition }{
\i\fs24 Player's Handbook}{\fs24 , 1d6+4 rounds are required to dress in field plate armor with outside assistance. Triple that amount of time is required if the w
earer is alone. Similarly, it takes 1d4+1 rounds to remove such armor, and half that time (fractions rounded up) if pressed for time or assisted by an attendent (see Full Plate Armor).
\par \tab Field plate armor is typically used by the high knights of a kingdom,
like King Arthur's legendary Knights of the Round Table, for everything except formal ceremonies and triumphant battle celebrations. Full plate armor is reserved for such occasions where style is more important than combat.
\par \tab Field plate can be fixed much m
ore cheaply and easily than full plate, and is built to withstand the rigors of long-term use and combat. The entire body is encased in metal plates, and even the joints are protected with metal caps and sturdy chain mail. A great helm bearing the emblem
of the house or name of a legendary knight is common and is one of the few ways a knight can recognize a friend or foe from a distance.
\par \tab Field plate, while expensive and painstakingly crafted by master armorers, is normally not adorned with many trappings o
r embellishments. Since legendary knights make a habit of battling great armies and dragons almost daily, their armor rarely lasts longer than a year without needing to be completely replaced.
\par \tab A DM may decide that being allowed to wear field or full plate
armor is a sign of nobility or knighthood in his campaign. In such campaigns, wealthy warriors had better have a legitimate noble crest or recognized royal patron before parading themselves about town.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Optional Rule:}{\fs24 This rule may be invoked if a player
insists on wearing badly repaired or patchwork plate mail. Following every strong jolt to the wearer, whether from a good hit in battle or a fall from a cliff, the material binding the patchwork plate to the backing (as stated at the time of repair) must
make a saving throw versus Crushing Blow. Failure means the plate falls off, while success means the next saving throw is made with a -1 penalty to the roll. Note that this penalty is cumulative, so any patchwork plate is bound to fall apart eventually.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Full Plate Armor (AC 1)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Full plate armor is the best armor a warrior can buy, both in appearance and protection. The perfectly-fitted interlocking plates are specially angled to deflect arrows and blows, and the entire suit is carefully adorne
d with rich engraving and embossed detail.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Suits of full plate armor are as rare as powerful magical items in most fantasy campaigns. Magical sets of full plate are artifacts to be treasured and hidden away, the objects of glorious quests.
\par \tab
In most campaigns, the number of sets of full plate armor can be counted as easily as the numbers of crown knights who owe their allegiance to the king. In many kingdoms, it is a crime to possess a set of full plate armor without royal permission, as a wi
se king keeps any armorer capable of such craftsmanship at his beck and call.
\par \tab Full plate armor is one of the greatest gifts a great lord can bestow upon his followers. It is a prize as coveted for the status it confers as its monetary value. A suit of full
plate armor will often be a gift presented to great knights upon great service to the realm, or as an incentive to attract a knight errant of unquestioned prowess to the king's private circle.
\par \tab In addition, full plate armor is the most technologically adv
anced armor available in the later medieval and high chivalry settings. The special touches and custom enhancements added by the few living master armorers are what give full plate armor its increased armor class rating over the more traditional forms of
f
ield plate. At prices that start at 4,000 gold pieces for a simple, unadorned suit, full plate armor represents the crowning achievement of the armorer's ultimate goal--to forge for man a new skin of steel, as flexible as his own, but as invulnerable as a
nything in the land.
\par \tab This increased protection comes only with a price. While full plate armor wears well when correctly fitted, it is cumbersome to don or remove without assistance. Herein enters the attendent.
\par \tab For most knights, the attendent is a vassal
or squire who tends to the knight's every need. He sharpens his lord's sword and brushes his horse. However, the great knight chooses his attendent carefully, for he knows his life may depend on this decision.
\par \tab Without the assistance of a capable attenden
t, a knight requires 1d10+10 rounds to don his armor. An attendent cuts this time by half. As most combat veterans know, cutting the average armoring time in half can mean the difference between being at the battle and missing it entirely!
\par \tab Warriors in a h
urry can cut this dressing time by half again. The ramifications of this haste is that a knight and his attendent who are extremely lucky might, at best, be able to get dressed in only 3 rounds (i.e., best roll of 1, add 10 equals 11 rounds; 11 rounds cut
in half for attendent's assistance equals 6 rounds; 6 rounds halved again for rushing yields 3 rounds).
\par \tab However, a knight hurrying in this manner suffers penalties in combat. His straps are not adjusted correctly, meaning his plates are too loose or too t
ight and will hamper his overall effectiveness in battle. The knights suffers a -1 to all attack rolls and his armor class likewise drops one place, meaning his hasty dressing has given him armor equivalent in protection to that of field plate armor.
\par \tab If a
knight discovers that his loose fittings are causing him to miss his mark or be struck by his enemies too often, he need only spend as many rounds tightening his straps as he neglected by rushing his preparations (twice that if unattended, of course).
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Example:}{\fs24
Sir Hujer rolls a 6 on 1d10 when attempting to don his armor, thus needing 16 rounds. An attendent reduces this to 8 rounds, and rushing reduces this further to 4 rounds. The rushing penalties would be removed if Sir Hujer took 4 rounds (attended) o
r 8 rounds (unattended) to readjust his armor.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Gnomish Workman's Leather Armor (AC 7)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Gnomish workman's leather armor is a variation of high-quality gnomish leather armor (as described in the Equipment Chapter of }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24
). Gnomish workman's leather is adorned with dozens of tiny tool holders and pouches, typically filled with the most bizarre collection of coins, nails, tools, weapons, widgets, and sprockets ever assembled on one body. For this reason, a set of gnomis
h workman's leather provides protection identical to studded leather armor.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Typically, gnomish workman's leather is as silent as normal high-quality gnomish leather armor (no Thieving Skill Armor Adjustment). However, this is before a gnomis
h workman has gotten anywhere near it. As with most things of gnomish design, the whole is a rather sundry compilation of many disjointed parts.
\par \tab Strange inventions, secret compartments, locked and trapped pockets, and a dizzying array of tool holders and
layered item racks are added, modified, moved, and camouflaged almost daily. From week to week, a gnomish workman's armor may change drastically in appearance and function. The armor has a stowage capacity of 10 lbs., up to half of which can be considered
hidden.
\par \tab Importantly, the special benefits of gnomish high-quality leather armor are lost when a gnomish workman begins collecting items to tuck into this leather garb. While a few items on the belt do not significantly ruin this feature of the base armor,
enough gadgets to alter the armor class cannot help but clink and bang into each other, crinkle and spill out when the owner bends over, or accidentally drop off or explode in the most heated battle or flight.
\par \tab Outside of gnomish society, this type of arm
or has been rarely seen by non-gnomes. Humans and elves rarely steal things they cannot use, unless hired to do so, and dwarves, who might squeeze into a suit if offered, find the concept distasteful and the appearance much too garish for their otherwise
s
toic tastes. Halflings have displayed a weakness for the many secret compartments found in gnomish workman's leather, and halfling thieves in particular might treasure this type of armor above all else. Indeed, the black market for gnomish workman's leath
er is rumored to be funded entirely by halfling-run thieves' guilds. This only adds fuel to any fires of discontent between halfling and gnomish clans.
\par \tab In human settlements and cities, gnomes only don workman's armor when working privately, deep in their s
ecret workshops. Since no one around them either appreciates or respects the trappings of "master craftsmanship," there seems to be little need to flaunt them.
\par \tab Within the gnomish clan, however, there is a constant competition between all gnomish craftsmen
, among both masters and apprentices. In some clans, the competitions have become formalized, with actual categories (most items carried, best personal trap, most secure pouch, nicest appearance, etc.) and prizes (clan contracts or a special badge to be s
ewn onto the armor). These contests are held on high festival days, much like a merchant's bazaar (just another special guild tradition to confuse the newcomer or overnight visitor).
\par \tab In the largest of clans, many competing craftsman's guilds might sponsor
and support individual designs or candidates. Every craftsman in the hall will spend long nights tinkering with his own armor to emulate or duplicate the desired effect. Those who succeed will claim partial credit for "testing and perfecting" the basic de
sign. Those who fail might offer small sums of gold for the secret of the new invention.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Elven Chain Mail (AC 5)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24
Elven chain mail is the only form of armor made of a legendary elven alloy, a light-weight silvery steel of great strength. Even without enchantment, elven chain mail is typically half the weight of its human-forged counterpart.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 The elves g
uard the secret of making elven chain mail with more ferocity than they protect even their own children. In the entire multimillennia-long history of the elven race, the number of elven armorers who learn the secrets of forging elven steel can be counted
o
n but one hand. Needless to say, these masters of the art tend to be ancient in the extreme, and the choice of an apprentice comes but once every thousand years. This is the highest honor accorded to any single elf, save being chosen by his peers to lead
the elven race.
\par \tab Apprenticeship is not a gift bestowed by the wealthy or powerful, but chosen by magical testing in a secret ceremony. Some outsiders would argue that the training makes the armorer, but tradition holds great sway in elven circles.
\par \tab Human an
d dwarven armorers have been able to divine at least some of the secrets of the elven armorers, but not the most important ones. They know, for example, that mithril silver, that part of mithril which gives this purest of metals its glimmer in the moonlig
h
t, is somehow alloyed with other materials. The process of alloying has never been duplicated outside of an elven master forge, so most armorers believe some form of magical manipulation is involved in the process somewhere. Furthermore, anyone hoping to
forge elven armor must be able to see the magical emanations radiating from it. While this may be done artificially through magic, this task is geared more toward the elves' natural eyesight. Drow armorers (described later) work under similar conditions.
\par \tab N
aturally, when one has a thousand years to perfect the skills for one's job, just about anything is within grasp. The dwarves call this an unfair advantage, while the humans don't even bother trying anymore. Life is too short, they feel, to waste time on
creating something that would be easier stolen or discovered in a dragon's horde.
\par \tab Elven chain mail is used by elven troops, both cavalry and infantry. It is common among the grey (faerie) elves and advanced elven cultures, but less common among the high elves. It is extremely rare among the wood elves.
\par \tab Since the material is so strong and valuable, in those rare instances when a suit of elven chain mail is damaged to the point of needing repair, the suit is never discarded, but returned to the armorer for repair or replacement.
\par \tab By the numbers of suits estimated to exist by human military planners and master armorers, best estimates are that it might take upwards of ten years to make just one suit of elven chain. Otherwise, they reason, there would be a lot
more of the armor in use by the elves, and many more suits would be found in the lairs and treasure hordes of monsters across the realms.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Magical Elven Chain Mail
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Ordinary elven chain mail is rare in the extreme, but magical elven chain is so precious a gift that only a handful of suits have been rumored to exist anywhere but in royal elven hands.
\par \tab In addition to the normal weight and flexibility advantages of elven chain, magical elven chain mail is so weightless that it can be worn under one's normal c
lothes. It is so comfortable and unrestrictive that it can be worn constantly, even while sleeping. Magical elven chain is so soft to the touch that it can be worn without any padding beneath it. This makes magical elven chain the ideal armor for traveler
s, excluding only the greatest of knights, who by tradition prefer plated armors over all others.
\par \tab For rogues especially, a set of magical elven chain mail is a more prized possession than even }{\i\fs24 full plate armor +1}{\fs24 . Adventurers have lost their lives over mere rumors of magical elven chain.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Drow Chain Mail (AC 4)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 Drow chain mail is a finely-crafted, satiny black metal mesh that does not encumber its wearer in the least. It is similar, but not identical to, the magical elven chain mail described
previously. It is typically fashioned only into tunics, as drow elves share their forest-bound cousins' preference for armor that adequately protects without being overly weighty or restrictive.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Much like their cousins in the sunlight, the drow have invented their own form of special armor.
\par \tab What is known for certain is that drow chain mail uses adamantite, the strongest metal known, as the principal component of their mystical alloy. It is mined by myriad drow-allied races in great quantiti
es, and the drow war machine is wholly dependent on adamantite-related technologies.
\par \tab This alloy has special properties due to the peculiar nature of the radiation emanating from the drow homeland, giving even the basest form of the alloy the equivalent of
a magical +1. Drow weapons, shields, armor, etc., all begin with a +1 bonus, and based on the alloy, the amount of time spent in the forge, and the secret processes used, it can increase to as much as +5. The alloy does not radiate magic in the tradition
al way (a }{\i\fs24 detect magic}{\fs24 spell reveals no trace of magical properties).
\par \tab Whenever drow-alloyed creations, including armor, are exposed to direct sunlight, their magical bonuses are immediately lost and they begin to utterly and irreversibly decay. This happen
s even after one short exposure, meaning that even a set of drow armor that is immediately returned to utter darkness or the nearest drow homeland will still decay. Physical decay begins 1d12+8 days after exposure to sunlight. The armor completely falls a
part after another 1d12 days have passed.
\par \tab If extraordinary precautions are taken, an adventurer could theoretically use a set of drow armor, if worn only in the dead of night and returned to complete darkness (e.g., a light-proof chest or vault) before the break of day. However, the armor }{
\i\fs24 must }{\fs24 be returned to the drow homeland once every two weeks to be re-exposed to the radiation. Armor must remain in the homeland two days per day spent above ground. If the armor is not returned to the underdark before two
weeks have passed, the magic of the armor is permanently lost. Decay then begins as described above.
\par \tab The fragments of metal that remain after drow armor deteriorates may be collected and reused for future forgings. However, the metal is nonmagical until the forging process imbues the enchantment.
\par \tab The surface elves contend that these conditions are poor workmanship on the part of the drow, but scholars have noted many parallels between elven and drow alloys.
\par \tab
For example, one possibility is that just as the strange magical emanations of the drow homeland aid in the construction of their special adamantite objects, it is has been surmised that moonlight, pure and cool, may have something to do with the forging
of elven mithril armor. The fact that mithril is as reflective, light, and pure as adamantite is dull, heavy, and dense has not escaped observation.
\par \tab What is certain about the two magical types of armor is that such parallels cannot be sheer coincidence. So
mewhere in the distant past of the two races, when times were better and before the dark elves retreated to the earthen depths, there must have been one common armor technology. The drow took the secrets of forging elven metals with them when they left, b
ut had to discover something to replace both the mithril and moonlight components of the ancient secret art.
\par \tab What they eventually discovered, perhaps after many centuries of experimentation, was a magical alloy more abundant than mithril, yet not as stable as elven chain.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Dwarven Plate Mail (AC 2)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Description:}{\fs24 The forged black iron plate made by the dwarves exclusively for their own warrior leaders is both heavy and unattractive by human and elven standards. However, dwarves have traditionally placed les
s emphasis on appearance than on personal defense. Dwarven warriors who wear dwarven plate are often called "waddling cauldrons" by their enemies due to the bulk of this armor.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 As detailed in both }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 and }{\i\fs24 The Castle Guide}{\fs24
, high-quality dwarven plate is the boilerplate version of human plate armor. It is 50% heavier than equivalent mails, making a single suit of dwarven-sized plate mail armor weigh approximately the same as a set of human-sized plate mail.
\par \tab Additionally, the denser armor affords protection equivalent to }{\i\fs24 plate mail +1}{\fs24
, and the armor itself saves against equipment damage at +6, in addition to any bonuses permitted if the dwarven plate in question is also magically enchanted. Stories about dwarven plate
armor withstanding the smelting fires of a red dragon's breath may be boastful exaggeration, but it is an established fact that dwarven plate often survives an attack that its wearer does not.
\par \tab As mentioned, dwarves prize combat effectiveness over a warrior's appearance. It is therefore very rare for the iron appearance of dwarven plate mail to be adorned in any way.
\par \tab Much like the elves, dwarves do not make dwarven plate for non-dwarves. Not only is it considered impractical to spend one's time building a
suit of armor no dwarf can ever hope to wear (a waste of time), but the dwarves will admit to having no skill in working with the peculiarities of the human body. Dwarves tend to ignore things like flexible joints, as their range of movement is already r
estricted by nature. An ancient dwarven warrior's saying goes something like "If it doesn't fit, bend it. If it still doesn't fit, break it!" Along those lines, another popular dwarven saying is "Never let your armor impede a good fight."
\par \tab Dwarven field and
full plate armor do not exist. Not only would dwarves look like miniature iron golems when so protected, but dwarves prefer to let their facial expressions speak for them in combat. The problem of free movement plays a big part in this practical decision
as well.
\par \tab No human has ever managed to convince a group of dwarves to forge a set of full plate armor for them. If such a task were even to get past the bargaining phase, it would quickly become apparent to all concerned that the dwarves have no experience
or knowledge of such constructions and lack the motivation to learn it. Dwarves themselves claim they'd rather be "beating their hammers on orc skulls than beating them in the forge."
\par \tab Curiously, gnomes have offered to give full plate their "best shot" from time to time, but so far, no human has been brave or foolish enough to accept the offer.
\par \tab Dwarven plate mail lasts longer than its human counterpart. As detailed in }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 , dwarven plate mail can sustain twice as many points of
damage as normal plate mail (if the optional armor damage point system presented therein is being used).
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Magical Dwarven Plate Mail
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Magical dwarven plate mail is only as encumbering as ordinary plate mail. The enchantment is cumulative with the natural +1 to armor class dwarven plate possesses. Therefore, }{\i\fs24 dwarven plate mail +1}{\fs24 is actually equivalent to ordinary
}{\i\fs24 plate mail +2}{\fs24 for purposes of armor class (but not saving throws). It may be easier for the DM and player if the base armor class for dwarven plate is remembered to be 1, equivalent to field plate armor for humans.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Shields (+1 AC)
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Shields ordinarily improve a character's armor class by 1 (or more if magical). Shields cannot be used to block attacks from the rear or rear flanks.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Buckler or Target Shield
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A buckler, also known as a target shield, is a small round shield of wood or metal that fastens to the forearm. It can be worn by crossbowmen and archers with no hindrance to their attacks with their chosen weapons.
\par \tab
Because of its small size (approximately 1' in diameter), a buckler protects against one attack per melee round. The user can choose which attack he wishes to use his buckler against, but he must declare this before the attack roll has been made. This inc
reases the defender's armor class only by 1 (more if magical) against that single attack.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Note:}{\fs24 Bucklers should be treated not as full shields when determining the armor class of the user, but more as a special item that can be called upon to add extra protection for one attack per round.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Small Shield
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A small shield is usually round and is carried on the forearm, gripped with the shield hand. Its light weight as compared to a medium shield permits the user to carry other items in that hand, although he cannot wield or carry another weapon.
\par \tab A small shield (approximately 2' in diameter) can be used to protect against two frontal attacks of the user's choice. Like the buckler above, the user can choose which attacks to use his shield against, but must decide before the attacks are rolled.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Note:}{\fs24 Like the buckler, the small shield should be considered a special item used for defense, not as a general addition to frontal armor class.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Medium Shield
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A medium shield is carried in the same manner as a small shi
eld (i.e., on the forearm). Unlike the small shield, however, its weight prevents the character from using his shield hand for anything other than carrying the medium shield. Medium shields are usually made of metal, range from 3'-4' in diameter, and can
be of any shape, from round to square to a spread dragon's wings. A typical medieval shield resembles a triangle with one point facing downward.
\par \tab With a medium shield, a character can defend against any number of frontal or flanking attacks in a given round
. In this instance, the character applies the +1 armor class bonus (not including magical bonuses) for the shield to his overall armor class rating, providing he remembers to disregard the shield bonus during the occasional attack from the rear.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Body Shield
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab
The body shield, also known as the kite or tower shield, is a massive metal or wooden shield reaching nearly from the chin to the toe of the user. It must be firmly fastened to the forearm and the shield hand must firmly grip it at all times. Naturall
y, this precludes use of the shield hand for anything but holding the body shield in place.
\par \tab Standing around 6' tall, the body shield provides a great deal of protection to the user, improving the overall armor class of the character by 1 against melee att
acks and by 2 against missile attacks. As with all shields, these bonuses apply only against frontal and flanking attacks.
\par \tab Since the body shield is very heavy, the DM may want to use the optional encumbrance system if he allows its use in the campaign. This will help to prevent overuse of body shields in combat.
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Helms}{\fs28
\par }{\b\fs24 Campaign Use:}{\fs24 Helms are part of a warrior's basic protection. Failure to use proper headgear leaves a character open to called shots by opponents or to other disadvantages at the DM's optio
n. All headgear except that which does not cover the ears must be removed when making rolls for listening.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 offers an optional rule for Hearing and Vision checks. All helms restrict Hearing and Vision checks to some degree.
(A Vision or Hearing check is a 1d20 roll against a character's Intelligence or Wisdom, whichever is higher. These checks can be used when a character has a chance to hear or see something of importance. This check }{\i\fs24 isn't}{\fs24
used when characters listen at doors; that has its own check.)
\par \tab Optionally, great helms and closed-face helmets, when worn with plate armor, gain bonuses against dragon's breath and spells that affect the eyes (see the Equipment section in }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 ).
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Helms and Thieves:}{\fs24
Thieves suffer automatic penalties to hearing if a helm is worn. The following descriptions include penalties to Hearing and Vision checks. If these rules are not used, the penalties for Vision checks should be ignored; for Hearing checks, substitute a
-5% penalty to the thief's Hear Noise ability for each -1 Hearing check modifier (e.g., a -3 to a Hearing check is a -15% to the thief's Hear Noise roll).
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Cap}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab A cap is a padded, leather, or steel skullcap worn much like a close-fitted cap, beret, or bonnet. Caps are usually worn with padded armor, leather, studded leather, hide, or any other lightweight protection.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Vision and Hearing:}{\fs24 -1 penalty to Hearing checks; no penalty to Vision checks.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Coif}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab A coif is a padded chain mail hood. It fits snugly around the neck and over the head, except the face. It usually comes with or is built into a suit of chain mail or mail-based armor. Often, a heavily armored knight
will wear a chain mail coif under a great helm. This allows him to remove his great helm for a better view of the field while maintaining a fair level of head protection.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Vision and Hearing:}{\fs24 Identical Vision and Hearing check penalties as those associated with a cap (above). If a great helm is worn, penalties are assigned for the great helm and are not cumulative with those of the coif.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Open-Face Helmet}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This class of open-face helmet, made of reinforced leather or metal, covers most of the head, save the face and neck. These helmets commonly provide protection for the nose (this piece of the helm is called a }{\i\fs24 nasal}{\fs24 ).
\par \tab Open-face helmets are popular with officers and leaders, and are appropriately worn with medium-weight armors like brigandine and chain mail.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Vision and Hearing:}{\fs24 -1 penalty to Vision checks; -2 penalty to Hearing checks (such helms cover the ears entirely except for a small hole).
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Closed-Face Helmet}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab The closed-face helmets are identical to the open-face helmets (above), but include a visored faceplate.
\par \tab These tend to be worn by officers and sergeants-at-arms. They are most commonly worn with plate mail.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Vision and Hearing:}{\fs24 When the visor is up, Vision and Hearing check penalties are identical for those of open-face helmets. Otherwise, the visored wearer suffers a -2 penalty to all Vision checks and a -3 penalty to Hearing checks.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Great Helm}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab A great helm is any massive metal helm that covers the entire head, including the neck and often the upper shoulders. The only gaps in the protection
are found in the narrow slits that allow limited vision, and some small holes to permit breathing. The visor is not normally removable.
\par \tab It is rare to find a great helm used with armor lighter than banded mail. Great helms are most often found in combination with plate mail or heavier armor.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Vision and Hearing:}{\fs24 -3 penalty to Vision checks; -4 penalty to Hearing checks.
\par
\par
\par
\par }{\fs44\cf9 CHAPTER 2
\par
\par Equipment for Mounts
\par }{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The following information expands the details found in the }{\i\fs24 Player's Handbook}{\fs24
with regard to barding, tack, harness, and other items used with horses and mounts. Optional rules are provided to allow the DM to match the armor of mounts and their riders (which can be used to simplify the record keeping when large numbers of mounted
troops are encountered). In addition, partial barding is covered in an optional table that allows calculation of a mount's armor class if only partial barding is available.
\par \tab The information in this section centers on horses, because this type of mount is th
e most commonly encountered. Much of this material, however, can be easily adapted for other types of mounts. The following sections deal mainly with barding, as this will have the most direct effect on adventuring and combat.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Barding refers to
armor designed for mounts. Mounts are most commonly horses, but also include the huge beasts that carry fighting platforms into combat (such as elephants with howdahs). The vast majority of mounts will wear no barding at all. Such protection is expensive
and time-consuming to construct, tires the mount quickly, and reduces the speed and maneuverability of the mount in combat.
\par \tab Historically, barding reached its peak development in the medieval era. After the introduction of gunpowder and the gun, barding qui
ckly degenerated into little more than parade trappings. The development of barding was controlled by two factors: the breeding of horses strong enough to wear the protection and carry an armored rider, and the technical problems of designing such armor t
o be ever lighter and more flexible than that worn by men without sacrificing protection. In many ways, the development of barding parallels the development of armor for the fighting man.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Medieval Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Most forms of barding, other than padded or quilt
ed cloth, required massively heavy and powerful mounts. The weight of barding and the man, including his armor and weapons, easily strained even the largest war horses. For this reason, later barding was redesigned using lighter materials such as boiled l
eather or thick padded cloth. One of the most common historical bardings was made of boiled leather (sometimes more than 2 inches thick), with specially reinforced parts made of steel bands and wooden planks or short strips of thick, hard wood.
\par \tab Late medieval barding comprised a number of pieces of armor covering different parts of the mount. These included the }{\i\fs24 chanfron}{\fs24 (for the head and neck), the }{\i\fs24 crinet}{\fs24 (for the side of the neck), the }{\i\fs24 cuello}{
\fs24 (for the forward chest), the }{\i\fs24 poitrel}{\fs24 (for the flanks and broad chest), the }{\i\fs24 flanchards}{\fs24 (covering areas around the saddle), and the }{\i\fs24 crupper}{\fs24
(for the hindquarters). Barding almost never protected the legs of the mount.
\par \tab In warmer and more humid climates, full barding is less common than half barding. When used at all, lighter forms are preferred. Half barding usually includes only the chanfron and poitrel (plus the crinet and cuello for plate barding).
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Barding in Campaigns}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab In the AD&D\'ae game worlds, the use of barding varies by culture and race. Although individual variat
ions are up to the DM (and are encouraged), a few generalizations are useful. Most barding will be used by human forces. Other than humans, elves (and sometimes halflings) will use horse barding. It is rare to see gnomes or dwarves mounted, except as memb
ers of adventuring groups. It is much rarer to see them on barded mounts, as they prefer fighting on foot.
\par \tab Besides horses, war elephants are sometimes outfitted with leather or metal barding. Camel riders tend not to bard their mounts, as the bulky armor m
akes them more difficult to handle, reduces their carrying capacity severely, and interferes with their ability to survive desert conditions much more so than with horses.
\par \tab Worgs and war dogs are occasionally barded with leather, though this is rare.
\par \tab Aerial mounts can be barded with leather or lighter materials.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Types of Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Full barding:}{\fs24 This is a complete set of horse armor that provides the rated protection when attacked from any side. Note that the term "full plate" is used to denote a new, more
advanced type of horse armor, like the fighter's full plate armor.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half barding:}{\fs24 The difference between half barding and full barding is that half barding covers only the front and forward sides of the animal. Attacks from the rear or rear flanks use the mount's base armor class.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Partial Barding:}{\fs24 This is an option that allows the averaging of a mount's armor class if full barding is not available. See Table 4.
\par
\par \tab Note: All "suits" of barding, including half
barding, are complete units; that is, half barding is not achieved by leaving off half a horse's armor. The pieces are made to be used together--they are specially formed, fitted, and balanced to provide a certain level of protection and a certain degree
of mobility in a fight. Cobbling together odd or ill-fitting pieces degrades the effect of the whole, to the degree ruled by the Dungeon Master.
\par \tab In the following section, barding is discussed in order of least protective to most protective. New types of barding are included. Tables summarizing the information can be found on pages 50-51.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Pieces of Horse Armor}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Chanfron:}{\fs24 This piece of armor covers the mount's head, neck, and mane. In its most primitive form, the chanfron is made of boiled leather. Chanfron
s made by humans and dwarves are usually made of iron or steel, while orcs and other humanoid races tend to favor leather and sylvan elves use wood or strong, fibrous plant materials.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Crinet:}{\fs24 This neckpiece is found only in plate armor. It covers the upper side of the mount's neck and is made of narrow strips of steel articulated with six to eight inches of mail.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Cuello:}{\fs24 Found only in plate barding, this is armor for the underside of the horse's neck (the throat). It is hung from the crinet with a number
of straps and buckles. In more advanced barding, the cuello has fully articulated plates hinged with wide bands of tight chain links.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Poitrel:}{\fs24 This part of the horse's barding covers its chest and flanks. The poitrel is also known by names such as the }{\i\fs24 peytrel}{\fs24 , }{\i\fs24 pectoral}{\fs24 , or }{\i\fs24 poitrinal}{\fs24
. It covers the front of the chest and sides as far as the saddle. Early poitrels used heavy cloth with scales, rings, or studs; later ones used plates or bands of steel.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Flanchards:}{\fs24 These are plates of armor for the horse's side, including the area behind the front shoulders, across the saddle length, and ending at the hindquarters, protecting areas not covered by the poitrel or crupper.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Crupper:}{\fs24 This piece covers the hindquarters of the horse and is sometimes referred to as the }{\i\fs24 croupiere bacul}{\fs24
. The lightest form of this armor is made of light leather sewn together into small squares, then joined together by straps and stitches. The most advanced cruppers are made of several thick steel bands joined with pieces of chain or mail
, bound to the saddle and the flanchards.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Light Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Padded Barding (AC 6)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This style of quilted barding has only minor protective value, giving the mount an AC bonus of 1. In the standard AD&D\'ae game campaign, padded barding is functionally the same
as leather barding and weighs 60 pounds. Padded barding tends to wear out rapidly with use.
\par \tab Halflings and elves occasionally use this type of armor on their ponies and light horses.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Padded:}{\fs24 Half padded barding gives protection only to the front and
front sides of the mount. It is used mainly in poorer or less civilized cultures. In more civilized cultures, parade decorations might be considered half padded. This protection weighs a mere 25 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Leather Barding (AC 6)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This barding is the most com
mon type of light barding. Leather barding has most of the characteristics of the leather armor worn by warriors. Among humans, leather barding is used primarily by irregular horsemen and occasional bands of nomads, whose mounts are usually smaller and ab
le to carry less weight than the specially bred mounts of civilized lands. Leather barding weighs 60 pounds.
\par \tab Halflings and elves tend to use leather on their light mounts. Halfling barding is usually decorated with colorful beads and bits of shells.
\par \tab Although dwarves and gnomes generally don't use barding, they will occasionally make leather barding to protect pack mules and similar animals.
\par \tab Humanoids, if they use barding on their mounts at all, often make use of this type.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Leather:}{\fs24 This is leather barding that protects only the front half of the horse. It weighs 30 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Medium Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Scale Barding (AC 5)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab Scale barding is an early form of medium protection barding, generally superceded by chain in more advanced regions. It is most common i
n Dark Ages, eastern, or frontier settings, where it will still be somewhat less common than chain barding in a western medieval setting. Refer to Chapter 1 for more information on the construction and appearance of scale armor. Full scale barding weighs
75 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Scale:}{\fs24 Half scale barding includes a much lighter mesh of scale and covers only the head and front quarters of the horse. It is the heaviest armor commonly found on a light horse. Half scale weighs only 50 pounds.
\par \tab Half scale is sometimes used by successful orc and goblin war bands. Other humanoid races may also be found using the barding in their cavalry units.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Brigandine Barding (AC 5)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab A late period composite armor made from small metal plates sandwiched between layers of leather, brigan
dine is the most advanced barding that a typical village armorer can make. It is not as encumbering as the more restrictive scale, weighing 70 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half brigandine:}{\fs24 This barding protects the front half of the horse and weighs 45 pounds.
\par \tab The rogues of the road (including occasional adventurers) tend to use half brigandine because it is light, generally non-encumbering, and easy to care for.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Ring Barding (AC 5)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This early form of barding is made of metal rings sewn onto a heavy cloth or leather backing
. It is heavier than standard scale barding, and in most campaigns will be used only by those who can't get anything better. (In fact, whether a barding like ring barding actually existed is open to question; it may have been too heavy for the horses of t
he time.) Ring barding weighs 80 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Ring:}{\fs24 This is ring barding for the front areas of the horse. It weighs 55 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Studded Leather Barding (AC 5)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This early barding is made of layers of soft leather, reinforced with many small metal studs intended to turn aside slashes. In all important respects, it is equal to ring barding and weighs 80 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Studded Leather:}{\fs24 This barding covers the front of the horse. It weighs 50 pounds.
\par \tab Humanoids tend to use studded leather barding. In some instances, the studs are long and filed to sharp points. The damage-causing ability of these short spikes is questionable, but they certainly add to the ferocious appearance of a mount.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Chain Barding (AC 4)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This barding is the standard armor for medium war ho
rses. It is put on in sections, with the main pieces being attached to the saddle or laid over the horse and buckled underneath. A heavy cloth or blanket is placed under the chain to prevent rubbing and abrasions from the barding, which would cause the ho
rse to quickly become fatigued. Only in the cooler climes can a horse wear such armor for long (the horse cannot move all day with the armor on; it must have sufficient rest and free grazing). Chain barding weighs approximately 70 pounds.
\par \tab Chain barding is used by grey elf medium cavalry companies.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Chain:}{\fs24 This is chain barding covering the front areas of the horse. It weighs 45 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Elven chain barding:}{\fs24 This type of barding exists, though it is extremely rare. It has a weight of 25 pounds. Such barding cannot be purchased and is generally unavailable to anyone other than elven nobility.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Heavy Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Banded Barding (AC 3)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This is similar to chain bard
ing, but is reinforced with horizontal strips of metal. Officers and riders wealthy enough to afford this type of barding are usually the only persons who use it. Only the large war horses can bear its weight. It remains a hybrid form, and the frequency o
f its appearence depends on the technological level of the campaign. Such armor weighs 85 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Banded:}{\fs24 This is banded barding covering the front of the horse. It weighs 60 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Splint Barding (AC 3)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab Splint barding is similar to banded barding. The main difference is that the strips of metal are vertical instead of horizontal. The weight and protective value are the same at 85 pounds and AC 3.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Splint:}{\fs24 This covers only the front half of the horse. Its weight is 60 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Plate Barding (AC 2)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This type of barding corresponds to plate mail, and is the standard protection for a fully armored war horse. Only heavy war horses can bear the weight of this armor and still fight effectively.
\par \tab This barding includes the chanfron that covers the head
, the cuello that guards the neck and mane, the poitrel that covers the forward chest and quarters, the flanchards that protect the side quarters and flanks, and the crupper that defends the rear.
\par \tab This barding is made of chain mail and small steel plates
linked together and hinged with articulated joints. Over this metal and chain rests a thick padded or quilted cloth equipped with metal studs. The complete set weighs about 85 pounds. This is extremely fatiguing to the mount, and usually such armor is put
on the horse only when battle is imminent.
\par \tab Plate barding is used almost exclusively by human heavy cavalry. Elf lords may also have plate armor for their mounts.
\par \tab Only in very rare instances will an orc, goblin, hobgoblin, or other humanoid have access to
such armor. In such cases, usually only the commander or chieftain of the tribe owns such barding, and then only if allied to a ruler or wizard with the ability to construct such armor.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half plate:}{\fs24 This gives the horse plate barding protection to its front. It weighs 65 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Field Plate Barding (AC 1)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab Field plate barding is the heaviest barding normally used in battle. It is rare even in late period campaigns, and should be restricted to nobles, high officers, and unusual individuals. The constructio
n of field plate barding requires a master armorer. The barding must be constructed and fitted to a particular horse. Field plate barding weighs 90 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Field Plate:}{\fs24 This gives the equivalent of field plate protection to the front of the horse only. This configuration is never encountered, except perhaps as ceremonial armor. It weighs 70 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Full Plate Barding (AC 0)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab Full plate barding, like full plate armor, is the highest achievement of the best armorers. It is available only in late period
campaigns and will be very rare at the best of times; only the most advanced and richest kingdoms can master the techniques of its construction. The services of a master armorer are required. Full plate barding weighs 90 pounds.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Half Full Plate:}{\fs24 This gives the equivalent of full plate protection to the front of the horse only. Again, this barding, if encountered, is almost certain to be ceremonial armor. It weighs 70 pounds.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Horse Tack and Harness}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Bit}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab The bit is the general name for the two principle kinds of equestrian mouthpieces used to control a horse's movement. Each of the two bit types are described below.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Snaffle:}{\fs24 This bit is composed of a steel rod or bar with two rings at either end. The rein
s are fastened to these rings. The snaffle is a gentler bit than the curb designs, and is usually used for riding horses as opposed to war or work horses. The snaffle bit tends to give less control over a spirited mount.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Curb:}{\fs24 This bit has a plate that is
inserted in the mouth of the beast. Short vertical bars are attached to either side of the plate. Each bar has a ring at the top and bottom of the bar. The reins are attached to the two bottom rings, while the two upper rings are connected by a stout str
a
p or chain passing under the jaw of the horse. This allows great physical force to be brought upon the animal, allowing great control over the movement and speed of the horse. The curb bit is much more severe than the snaffle bit and is often used with wa
r horses.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Bridle}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab A simple bridle is nothing more than a heavy ring of rope or leather hitched around the mount's lower jaw and used to guide or lead the animal.
\par \tab There are three basic parts of a bridle: the }{\i\fs24 bit}{\fs24 , the }{\i\fs24 headstall}{\fs24 , and the }{\i\fs24 reins}{\fs24 . The bit was d
iscussed previously. The headstall is the set of straps and cords that secures the bit to the horse's jaw. The reins are the straps that run from the bit around the horse's neck that enable the rider to steer the animal.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Bridoon:}{\fs24 This is complex bridle with a snaffle bit and wide reins. A bridoon is much more difficult to snare or cut than a normal bridle. It is also more expensive than the standard bridle (150% of bridle cost).
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Cavesson:}{\fs24 A type of bridle used to train and break horses. The cavesson looks
much like other bridles except for two extra rings at the base of the bit, where lead ropes can be attached to be held by a trainer or tied to a pole. The horse can then be led easily and slowly broken and trained. The cost is comparable to that of a sta
ndard bridle.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Horseshoes}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab In the wild, horses wear down their hooves as fast as they grow them. But domesticated horses, with the extra weight of rider and equipment, will wear away hooves much more quickly. Without protection, the horse would quickly beco
me lame and useless.
\par \tab Metal horseshoes are used to counteract the wear and tear on the mount's hooves. The horseshoe is nothing more than a steel bar hammered into a ``U'' shape, then nailed tightly into the hoof of the horse. The nails cause no discomfort
to the animal. With horseshoes, the mount can travel farther and faster.
\par \tab Throwing a horseshoe or getting a stone lodged between the shoe and the hoof are events that need extra attention if the horse is to be kept in good condition.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Magical Horseshoes:}{\fs24 Any number of different types of magical horseshoes can be added to the game: those that allow unusual speed, the ability to move on water or through the air, those that act as magical weapons, and so forth.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Saddle}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab Saddle use is assumed in the Land-based
Riding proficiency unless a character is specifically from a culture proficient in riding bareback. Any other character who tries to ride without a saddle is subject to special riding checks at the discretion of the DM. (A general no-saddle penalty of -2
is suggested.)
\par \tab In a typical campaign, available saddles will be based on types used in the mid-to-late medieval period.
\par \tab By this time period, the saddle had evolved through many changes in design. The basic saddle includes the frame (called the }{\i\fs24 tree}{\fs24 ), the front end (called the }{\i\fs24 pommel}{\fs24 ), and the back end (called the }{\i\fs24 cantle}{
\fs24 ).
\par \tab Elven saddles are made of wood and pliable, fibrous plants. Halfling saddles are soft and well cushioned. Gnomish saddles are painted and decorated with thin layers of silver, gold, or semi-precious gems.
\par \tab Orcs and goblins use saddles that are quite small, with fairly distinct pommels and nearly invisible cantles.
\par }{\b\fs24 War Saddle:}{\fs24 The knight's war saddle takes on huge dimensions. They typically exhibit high pommels and cantles, and are often
covered with steel or brass plates or are decorated profusely with silver and ivory inlays. These usually have rings and straps for attaching barding and heavy stirrups.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Saddlebags}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab
Saddlebags rest directly behind the rider, on the rump of the horse. They come in many different sizes and varieties. The most common type is made of leather and has two large packs, one on either side of the horse. Each pack or bag can hold about 3 squar
e
feet of material or about 25 pounds of weight (for the large saddlebags). Small saddlebags hold 2 square feet and 15 pounds. Saddlebags may also be made of heavy cloth. Variant saddlebag designs might have anywhere from one to four packs instead of the s
tandard two.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Saddle Blanket}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab This is a typically a warm woven blanket laid underneath the saddle, protecting the animal from abrasion and preventing the saddle from shifting. A rider who uses a saddle without a saddle blanket will quickly wear his horse do
wn (and might find himself unceremoniously dumped when the saddle shifts).
\par \tab Elven and halfling saddle blankets are wonderfully woven and often decorated with colorful tassles or jingling bells.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Spur}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab A spur is little more than a small metal attachment to the heel of a boot or shoe. The spur has one to six sharp projections that can be used to jab the horse in the sides, causing the animal to move at a quicker gait.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Stirrup
\par }{\fs24 \tab A stirrup is a leather strap ending in either a conical shielded foot rest or an iron ring. A stirrup is attached on each side of the saddle by a hook and several ties.
\par \tab The stirrup has many uses. Its primary function is to expedite the mounting of the beast. The stirrup also helps the rider control the mount and stay on if struck by a forceful blow; stirrups are essential in a jousting match.
\par \tab Stirrups steady the mounted warrior, allowing greater force to be put behind blows with less chance of falling off the mount. They allow mounted warriors with lances to charge effectively with a leveled lance, a feat nearly impossible without them.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Optional rule:}{\fs24 Mounted fighters without stirrups who are struck in combat must make a save vs. paralyzation or fall from the horse.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Bridle Cutter}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 \tab A bridle cutter is a sharp, hooked instrument used in
battle to cut the reins of an enemy and essentially strip him of his ability to control his mount. These tools look like short, bladed axes with several wicked, angled cuts. Bridle cutters are sometimes used by front line troops who face cavalry. Many bri
d
le cutters find their way into kobold, orc, or goblin brigades and are used as melee weapons rather than to cut reins. A bridle cutter inflicts 1-4 points of damage to small- and medium-sized creatures and 1-3 points of damage to large creatures. Refer to
Table 1 on page 50 for other weapon statistics.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Table 1: Bridle Cutter Wielded as Weapon}{\fs28
\par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5875\tx6480\adjustright {\fs24
\par }\pard\plain \s1\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1620\tx2520\tx3600\tx4410\tx5220\tx6300\tx7560\outlinelevel0\adjustright \b {\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Speed\tab Damage\tab Damage
\par }\pard\plain \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1620\tx2520\tx3600\tx4410\tx5220\tx6300\tx7560\adjustright \fs20 {\b\fs24 Item\tab Cost\tab Weight\tab Size\tab Type\tab Factor\tab S-M\tab L
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1620\tx2520\tx3600\tx4410\tx5220\tx6300\tx7560\outlinelevel1\adjustright {Bridle Cutter\tab 3 gp\tab 4 lbs.\tab M\tab S\tab 4\tab 1d4\tab 1d3
\par }\pard\plain \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Table 2: Horse Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }\pard \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1620\tx2880\tx4140\tx5040\tx6030\tx7200\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {\b\fs24 Warhorse\tab Padded\tab Leather\tab Scale\tab Chain\tab Banded\tab Plate\tab
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1620\tx2880\tx4140\tx5040\tx6030\tx7200\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel1\adjustright {Light\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab
\par }\pard\plain \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1620\tx2880\tx4140\tx5040\tx6030\tx7200\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24 Medium\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab --\tab --\tab
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1620\tx2880\tx4140\tx5040\tx6030\tx7200\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel1\adjustright {Heavy\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab Yes\tab Yes
\par }\pard\plain \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24
\par The }{\i\fs24 light warhorse}{\fs24 category includes ponies and riding horses (the latter reflects custom and use rather than the ability of the horse to carry actual weight).
\par }{\i\fs24 Limits:}{\fs24 A horse can wear half barding one class heavier than its maximum full barding. Flying creatures are limited to leather and padded barding only.
\par }{\i\fs24 Padded}{\fs24 includes quilted armor.
\par }{\i\fs24 Scale}{\fs24 includes studded leather, brigandine, and ring mail (weights will differ).
\par }{\i\fs24 Banded}{\fs24 includes splint.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Table 3: Optional Barding Armor Class}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par (This can replace the }{\i\fs24 Creatures with Natural Armor Class}{\fs24 section in Chapter 6 of the }{\i\fs24 Player's Handbook}{\fs24 .)
\par }\pard\plain \s1\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx270\tx2160\tx3600\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel0\adjustright \b {\tab \tab AC\tab Maximum
\par }\pard\plain \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx270\tx2160\tx3600\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\b\fs24 Type of Barding\tab Bonus\tab AC}{\fs24
\par Leather (Padded)\tab +1\tab 4
\par Scale, Brigandine,\tab \tab
\par \tab Studded, Ring\tab +2\tab 3
\par Chain\tab +3\tab 2
\par Banded, Splint\tab +4\tab 1
\par }\pard\plain \s3\fi-4320\li4320\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx270\tx2160\tx3600\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel2\adjustright {Plate\tab +5\tab 0
\par }\pard\plain \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24
\par }{\i\fs24 AC Bonus}{\fs24 is the amount of protection a type of barding affords. For example, a heavy warhorse (AC 7) in plate barding (+5) has an adjusted AC of 2.
\par }{\i\fs24 Maximum AC}{\fs24 is the best AC conferred by non-magical barding of this type. Past this point, the innate toughness of the creature renders this type of barding redundant.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Table 4: Optional Partial Barding}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24 The following chart may be used to determine the armor class of partial barding. Bonuses are added to the mount's base AC.
\par
\par }\pard\plain \s1\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1440\tx2964\tx4320\tx5760\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel0\adjustright \b {Armor\tab Full\tab Chanfron/\tab Cuello/\tab Flanchard/
\par }\pard\plain \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1440\tx2964\tx4320\tx5760\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\b\fs24 Type\tab Barding\tab Poitrel\tab Crinet\tab Crupper
\par }{\fs24 Leather\tab 6\tab -----------------(see notes)----------------
\par Scale\tab 5\tab -----------------(see notes)----------------
\par Chain\tab 4\tab **\tab 0\tab **
\par Banded\tab 3\tab **\tab **\tab **
\par Plate\tab 2\tab 1 ea.\tab **\tab 1 ea.
\par Field Plate\tab 1\tab 1 ea.\tab **\tab 1 ea.
\par Full Plate\tab 0\tab 1 ea.\tab 1 ea.\tab 1 ea.
\par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\tx2160\tx2964\tx3822\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 Notes:}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\i\fs24 Leather:}{\fs24 The only effective combination less than full leather is half leather, which gives protection to the front of the horse only.
\par }{\i\fs24 Scale:}{\fs24 Half scale protects the front of the horse only. Any other combination of at least three pieces (except crinet) gives a +1 bonus to armor class.
\par ** Any two pieces give a +1 bonus to AC.
\par
\par }{\b\fs28\cf9 Table 5: Additional Barding Types (Combined Table)}{\fs28
\par }{\fs24
\par }\pard\plain \s1\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1890\tx2520\tx3330\tx4770\tx5580\tx6570\tx8100\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel0\adjustright \b {Armor Type\tab AC\tab Wt\tab Cost\tab Time\tab Half Wt.\tab Half Cost\tab Time
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1890\tx2520\tx3330\tx4770\tx5580\tx6570\tx8100\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel1\adjustright {Leather\tab 6\tab 60#\tab 150 gp\tab 4\tab 25#\tab 100 gp\tab 2
\par }\pard\plain \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1890\tx2520\tx3330\tx4770\tx5580\tx6570\tx8100\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24 Padded\tab 6\tab 60#\tab 150 gp\tab 4\tab 25#\tab 100 gp\tab 2
\par Scale\tab 5\tab 75#\tab 1,000 gp\tab 8\tab 50#\tab 500 gp\tab 6
\par Brigandine\tab 5\tab 70#\tab 1,000 gp\tab 8\tab 45#\tab 500 gp\tab 6
\par Ring\tab 5\tab 80#\tab 800 gp\tab 8\tab 55#\tab 400 gp\tab 6
\par Studded Leather\tab 5\tab 80#\tab 800 gp\tab 8\tab 50#\tab 400 gp\tab 6
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1890\tx2520\tx3330\tx4770\tx5580\tx6570\tx8100\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel1\adjustright {Chain\tab 4\tab 70#\tab 500 gp\tab 10\tab 45#\tab 300 gp\tab 8
\par }\pard\plain \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx1890\tx2520\tx3330\tx4770\tx5580\tx6570\tx8100\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24 Banded\tab 3\tab 85#\tab 1,750 gp \tab 14\tab 60#\tab 1,000 gp\tab 12
\par Splint\tab 3\tab 85#\tab 1,750 gp\tab 14\tab 60#\tab 1,000 gp\tab 12
\par Plate\tab 2\tab 85#\tab 2,000 gp\tab 16\tab 65#\tab 1,500 gp\tab 14
\par Field Plate\tab 1\tab 90#\tab 5,000 gp\tab 18\tab 70#\tab 3,000 gp\tab 16
\par Full Plate\tab 0\tab 90#\tab 8-20,000 gp\tab 20\tab 70#\tab 5-15,000 gp\tab 18
\par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\tx2160\tx2964\tx3588\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {\fs24
\par }{\i\fs24 Half weight}{\fs24 and }{\i\fs24 half cost}{\fs24 are the weight and cost for half barding.
\par Time is the time an armorer requires to make the barding (as per }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 ). Half barding takes 2 weeks less than full barding.
\par
\par
\par
\par }{\fs44\cf9 CHAPTER 3
\par
\par Weapons
\par }{\fs24
\par
\par \tab One
of the most common events in the life of an adventurer, regardless of profession, is the need for armed combat. Some adventurers make a career of hacking and slashing, while others use combat as a last resort, after diplomacy, negotiation, or spellcraft f
ail.
\par \tab
Fortunately for adventurers, there are as many different types of weapons as there are reasons for using them. This chapter details the vast majority of weapons available to the discerning adventurer. A fair warning, though: a weapon is only as effect
ive as the hero who wields it. Sometimes, a smaller, less lethal-looking weapon may be called for. Most of the entries that follow include commentary from distinguished adventurers. Heed their advice, look over the list carefully, and choose well; your PC
's life may depend on it!
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Notes:}{\fs24 During the research into the various weapons, conflicting backgrounds arose for several of the weapons. The terminology and history that follow were chosen for consistency with what has already been established in the AD&D
\'ae game universe.
\par \tab Many references are made to an item known as the Bayeux Tapestry. This is a tapestry that depicts the Battle of Hastings in 1066 AD, in which William the Conqueror led the Normans from the European Continent to England. The Normans defeate
d the Anglo-Saxons under King Harold. This tapestry has given scholars many clues on how warfare was conducted at that time.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Arquebus}{\fs24
\par
\par The arquebus is a musket used by cultures just learning the technology of guns. It is a two-handed weapon, fired like a
rifle except that the arms absorb the recoil, not the shoulders, since the weapon does not rest on the latter. The gun is also called a "hackbut."
\par \tab Years after its development, the term "arquebus" expanded to include handguns of the same era, and eventually the word lost its original meaning and was used instead to describe small handguns used by cavalry. In terms of AD&D\'ae
game campaigns, the arquebus refers to the large, two-handed primitive gun with a smooth bore barrel as opposed to a rifled barrel. Hen
ce, the gun is technically not a rifle. This form of arquebus often has a hooklike projection on the underside of its barrel.
\par \tab The arquebus was developed in order to give the average infantry the use of smoke powder, whose destructive potential is only newly recognized in many areas.
\par \tab The musket arquebus is loaded by pouring smoke powder from a flask or horn into the muzzle and firmly packing it with a piece of paper. The projectile, an iron ball, is rammed in after this. Once the barrel is ready, the pan i
s filled with smoke powder, the pan's cover is closed, and a burning slow-match (a piece of cloth or paper rolled into a fuse) is placed in the mechanism called the serpentine (the curved piece of metal where the trigger would someday be on a modern rifle
). Pressure on a metal plate releases the serpentine into the pan, and BOOM!
\par \tab Since this weapon involves smoke powder, DMs may forbid its use. Players should check with their DM as to whether it is allowed in the campaign.
\par \tab Smoke powder is considered a magi
cal item. The historical arquebus required two types of gun powder, a finer variety for pan loading and a coarse variety for muzzle loading. Each type was carried in a separate container. If the DM desires, the gunner may require the two different powder
types in order to operate the arquebus.
\par \tab The arquebus is a very dangerous instrument, nearly as dangerous to the user as to the target. In order to reload, the gunner has to hold the smoldering slow-match in his left hand while reloading with his right. A slow-match burns for eight rounds.
\par \tab An arquebus can be fired only once every three rounds providing the character is not being attacked while loading. Treat the gunner the same as a spellcaster casting a very long spell. When firing an arquebus, all range penalties are doubled.
\par \tab If an arquebus attack roll is a 1 or 2, the gun backfires, inflicting 1d6 points of damage to the gunner. It is also fouled and cannot be used until cleaned, a process which takes at least 30 minutes (and relative peace).
\par \tab When an arquebus scores a hit, it does 1-9 points of damage on 1d10. If a 10 is rolled, the die is rolled again and this amount is added to the 10. Each time a 10 is rolled, the die is rolled again and added to the total.
\par \tab There are no Strength modifiers to an arquebus' damage.
\par \tab If the arquebus' smoke powder is exposed to water, the powder is ruined.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "As far as many folk are concerned, smoke powder and magic don't mix! Sure, the arquebus is a newfangled weapon, but not all new things are necessarily better! With a
n arquebus, the firer has to take time to reload, unless he wants to have someone tag along and supply him with an extra arquebus, already loaded, in order to keep up a steady rate of fire. Oh, certainly that can be done--or the more intelligent adventure
r
will go out and get himself a long bow which fires arrows quicker than an arquebus can throw shot, and has comparable range! As far as can be determined, the arquebus is good for making gods-awful noise that will either scare the Nine Hells out of any en
emy, or possibly anger the target into attacking with even more ferocity."}{\fs24
\par }{\i\fs24 -- Grymwand, Professional Mercenary
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The arquebus gets its name from the German Hakenbuchse, meaning "gun with a hook."
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Battle Axe}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab Contrary to popular artwork, the most common version of the battle axe is a stout pole about four feet in length with a single-edged, trumpet-shaped blade mounted on one end. Battle axes are also called broad axes.
\par \tab The battle axe is a footman's weapon, giving these soldiers a longer reach and a fighti
ng chance against mounted opponents. Its long handle allows the wielder to put considerable force into his swing. Despite the shaft length, a battle axe is a one-handed weapon.
\par \tab The typical dwarven battle axe is a double bladed weapon, usually with a spike
d top. Dwarves favor these weapons since the long handles compensate somewhat for the shorter dwarven stature, especially against large humanoid opponents. They are often wielded with two hands. In many dwarven cultures, the battle axe is a symbol of dwar
ven might.
\par \tab A thrust with the spiked head of a battle axe inflicts 1d3 hit points of damage.
\par \tab Dwarves are not the only race that favors the battle axe. Gnolls often are encountered with battle axes. Troglodytes use a stone version of the battle axe, with all of the disadvantages of stone weapons (i.e., prone to chipping and shattering).
\par \tab Two-handed battle axes have the same statistics as the bardiche. They are called "great axes."
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Though the battle axe is a one-handed weapon, its longer handle, which giv
es it good momentum, is not a good horseman's weapon, as the wielder has to put a lot of his weight into the swing, something hard to do from a saddle. It is also useless as a missile weapon. Still, its damage is respectable, and it looks nasty, especiall
y the dwarven styles. A battle axe is good for the foot soldier or adventurer who needs to strike at a large creature or at someone on horseback.
\par \tab "Battle axes are good for their percussive and cutting effects against armor. If adventurers want to use a bat
tle axe and still gain some measure of protection, it is wise to fight alongside a companion who is armed with a sword and shield. The companion acts as the axe-wielder's defense while the latter is busy chopping away. This is a good exercise in teamwork,
which may keep both adventurers alive much longer.
\par \tab "As for dwarves, our center of gravity is low enough that we can swing a battle axe and not topple over from the momentum. It is a fine weapon for hewing the legs of a giant out from under him, and it is
a weapon that lets us put all of our weight into the swing.''
\par -- Dagalor Goldenbeard, of the Dwarven Clan Goldenbeard
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The battle axe has the distinction of being one of the oldest tools and weapons of man. The first battle axe dates back about 35,000 yea
rs, when weaponers began attaching the blade to long wooden handles. The double-bladed battle axe was born in Egypt during the Bronze Age, but the design did not gain widespread acceptance.
\par \tab During the Greco-Roman times, the battle axe was seen as a barbarian weapon used by the Franks, Celts, Lombards, and Vikings.
\par \tab The earliest modern battle axes were a Danish weapon of the ninth century. These weapons did not have double-bladed heads, but were still two-handed weapons. The Danes often decorated these axe
heads with carvings. Some shafts reached six feet in length, which caused great structural strain on the point immediately below the axe-head.
\par \tab English knights of the 14th century adopted the battle axe as a favored weapon in foot combat. Its long handle afforded a great reach, and allowed for a great amount of force to be focused in the blow.
\par \tab Naval crews used battle axes as boarding weapons until the tactic of boarding parties became obsolete.
\par \tab The dwarven battle axe design is based on an actual design by the Swiss, who called their version the mordaxt.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Belaying Pin}{\fs24
\par \tab Not intended as an actual weapon, the belaying pin is a wooden or metal rod that is inserted in holes bored through a ship's rail. Ship's ropes
are secured to these belaying pins. The pins are usually found in rows, bringing a series of ropes together to one location. The pins may be pulled out and used as a melee weapon, more often than not during boarding actions at sea when no other weapons ar
e in reach.
\par \tab The pin is a one-handed weapon. If hurled in combat, it is treated as a club.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "When a bloke is at sea, unarmed and surrounded by degenerate pirates, a belaying pin makes a fine on-the-spot weapon, even though its primary function is to hold
rope, not bash heads. No warrior in his right mind would bother to specialize in or stock up on belaying pins!''
\par -- Captain Ar, of the Galleon}{\fs24 Flameburst
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Blowgun
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Blowguns are long, hollow tubes composed of wood or metal, ranging from four to seven feet in length. They are used to fire darts, needles, and pellets. The weapons date back to primitive times, when they were used mostly for hunting.
\par \tab Blowguns may have had a part in the invention of guns, since the blowgun demonstrated that one end of a tube needs to be closed off in order for the propelling force to shoot the missile in the proper direction.
\par \tab Tribes still exist, especially primitive peoples in tropical jungle cultures, that use the blowgun. In most cases, these tribes are not advanced in terms
of inventions, especially weapons of war. Some tribes use stands to brace their blowguns. If a stand is used, the firer gains a +1 bonus to his attack rolls.
\par \tab The grippli have been known to use blowguns on rare occasions.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Though the blowgun has poor range, it is a quiet weapon which may be fired twice per round. Desperate adventurers who find themselves weaponless may make blowguns out of the local flora, such as reeds, if they are resourceful.
\par \tab "Blowguns can also be used as makeshift breathing tubes if adventurers are crossing or hiding in a body if water.
\par \tab "Being virtually noiseless, the blowgun is a good weapon for use in infiltrating a stronghold. Darts dipped in a sleep drug may knock out sentries quickly, and this may be an ideal arrangement for so
meone who wishes to avoid causing excessive bloodshed. It is certainly better suited for that sort of work than combat on the field, since the blowgun is a very fragile weapon.''
\par -- Cedric D'Abalone, Sage}{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24
\par \tab Blowgun Darts:}{\fs24 The blowgun dart is a small arrow
with a wad of cotton or other plant fibers instead of fletching. This allows for a build-up of pressure from the user's wind. The fibers make a better seal in the tube, allowing more force to gather behind it. A blowgun dart is not the same as a regular d
art, and the latter cannot be shot out of a blowgun.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Needles:}{\fs24 Needles are sometimes used to deliver a poison, often a paralytic poison such as curare. Needles do less damage than other blowgun missiles, but this is not a disadvantage, since their function
is to carry the poison to the target, not to cause damage.
\par }{\b\fs24 \tab Blowgun Pellets:}{\fs24 Most blowgun pellets are of hardened clay, and are used for hunting. A solid hit from a pellet can stun a small bird.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Bola}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The bola is a missile of prehistoric origins. Current
ly, it is still used by arctic tribes and by savages who dwell on temperate plains. The main function of the bola is to provide a hunter with a good missile weapon that will catch the prey off guard and entangle it so as to make escape impossible.
\par \tab
The bola is basically a leather strap or straps with weights fastened to the ends, although there are many variations to the design. Arctic bolas are generally used for hunting birds. The bola may have four, six, or ten weights made of walrus ivory or bon
e
. The weights are egg-shaped, spherical, or carved into the likeness of animals. All of the straps or cords join together to make a sort of handle. The thrower grasps the handle, jerks back the strand to straighten them, whirls the bolas over his head, an
d releases them. Each bola strand is about 28 inches long and each weight is about two inches in diameter.
\par
\par \tab Two-ball bolas are called somais; triple-ball bolas are achicos.
\par \tab Temperate plains bolas are usually twice as large and consist of a single leather
thong with a leather-covered stone at each end. Often a second cord is fastened in the center of the first cord, with a small weight attached at the end. This weight is held by the thrower. This version of the bola can bring down a man-sized target. When
a bola hits, the victim is held fast and must take a round to make a Strength check in order to get free. Failure means the bolas are still holding fast.
\par \tab If an attacker makes a Called Shot to the target's legs and succeeds, the bolas wrap themselves tight
ly around the victim's legs and prevent further movement. The target must make a Dexterity check in order not to fall down, incurring a -3 penalty if the victim was moving when the bolas hit.
\par \tab If the attacker succeeds in a Called Shot to the victim's arms,
the bolas wrap themselves tightly around the torso, preventing the victim from using a weapon or employing the protection of his shield until he frees himself. Strength checks are made at -2 penalty due to lack of leverage.
\par \tab A successful Called Shot to th
e victim's head wraps the bolas around his neck, strangling him (unless the character is wearing a great helm or closed-face helm). The bolas cause normal damage on the round in which they hit, then an additional 1d3 hit points of strangulation damage eve
ry round the bolas are still in place.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "This is a good weapon to trip someone up, in case ya wanna take an opponent alive. But ya gotta make sure ya got enough room to give the bola a good swing. Bolas only work outside or in huge rooms. They work good if yer on horseback.''
\par -- Barkhan, Bounty Hunter}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Bow}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab In one form or another, bows have been used since the early days of man. They represented a great step in man's ability to cause damage, since the attacker was at a considerable range from the target,
not within reach of the enemy's claws or melee weapons. The first bows were long, slender rods (also called staves) with a string of animal tendon or plant fiber.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Short Bow}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Short bows were the first to be developed, although they were not called such. Th
is is more of a default term that refers to anything which is not a long bow. Short bow staves are about 5 1/2 feet long on the average. As the years passed, attempts were made to increase bow ranges. Bows were either given longer staves or flexibility wa
s increased with no change to the length. The former resulted in what is now called the long bow.
\par \tab Bows fell into decline with the spread of handguns. It was reasoned that while a wounded or weakened soldier might lack the strength to pull a bow, he could s
till pull a trigger. In fantasy settings, there is no danger of the bow being replaced so quickly.
\par \tab Short bows can fire only short bow arrows (identical to flight arrows for game terms).
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Long Bow}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The long bow is similar to the short bow, except that the staff is about as high as the archer, usually 6 to 6 1/2 feet. It has better range than the short bow, and can fire both flight and sheaf arrows.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Composite Bows}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Composite bows are long bows or short bows whose staves are made from more than one type of material. This gives greater flexibility, and thus better range. These were developed after the normal long bow.
\par \tab The second material that makes up a long bow may be anything from another type of wood to bone, sinew, or metal. The different materials are usually glued together.
\par \tab An adventurer who wishes to gain a damage bonus from high Strength when wielding a bow must purchase specially crafted bows. Such a bow costs the normal price for a bow }{\i\fs24 plus the normal price again for every bonus point desired}{\fs24
. Thus, a warrior with 17 Strength who wants a long bow (base cost 75 gp) that gives him his +1 bonus to damage rolls would have to pay a total of 150 gp. The same fighter with 18/00 Strength (+6 bonus to damage) would pay 525 gp. These bows can be strung
and drawn only by characters of that Strength or higher. Others attempting this must make a successful bend bars/lift gates roll.
\par \tab Most archers protect their wrists from the snap of the bowstring by fastening a piece of horn, bone, or leather to them. Such an item is known as a bracer.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "In our times, bows still are preferable to the primitive firearms or even the crossbows offered. A high rate of fire, low noise, and good range make the bow a better choice than the other missile weapons.
\par \tab "Centaurs favor
bows, usually composite bows adapted to enable them to take advantage of their Strength. Elves in particular are adept at making and using bows, of both the long and short varieties. Exactly how the elves happen to be so good at archery is up for debate.
Some say elves are trained to shoot beginning in childhood. Others say that their skills are no different than those of humans, but the uncanny, keen elven senses enable the fair folk to anticipate the target's location at the time of the arrow's impact.
\par \tab "Whatever the reason, no one argues that the elves exhibit clear evidence of the superiority of the bow as the best missile weapon available to the aspiring adventurer.
\par \tab "Bows are not without their faults. Bowstrings must be kept dry, the staff must not be
allowed to crack, and a certain amount of strength is required to string and pull a bow. Still, even a short bow is a good thing to have when a warrior wants to inflict damage on someone from a long distance!
\par \tab "A short bow can fire only flight arrows, while the long bow can fire any type of arrows. However, the short bow is easier to carry and is good for the fighter who relies primarily on a melee weapon but wishes to have a respectable missile weapon.''
\par -- Lady Adriennedar Ironedge, Ranger of Hawkhaven
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Bows were used extensively for war by the Egyptians, Babylonians, Jews, and other peoples of the eastern Mediterranean world. In ancient Greece and Rome, bows were used mainly for hunting.
\par \tab The Huns were the deadliest archers of all the invading barbarian peoples who attacked Rome. Charlemagne made the bow a mandatory weapon for the "civilized" armies.
\par \tab At the Battle of Hastings in 1066, many historians claim that the Normans, led by William the Conqueror, beat the enemy by unleashing a rain of arrows on t
hem. Some speculate that Harold died from an arrow through his eye. The bow used was only five feet long.
\par \tab The English, learning from the lessons of Hastings, continued to refine and adapt their bows, making the staff longer and longer, copying the Welsh long bow. This became known as the English long bow within England.
\par \tab The long bow proved very effective, especially in the British victories at Crecy and Agincourt. In the former, British archers outshot their Genoese counterparts who were using crossbows.
Just as the Italians and French gained reputations as excellent crossbowmen, the English gained a reputation for archery. In the time of Henry VIII, English law required all males to learn the use of a long bow by the time they reached their teens.
\par \tab European bows were most often made of ash and yew wood. Short bows were called Continental bows, while long bows were sometimes called Welsh bows.
\par \tab An example of the potency of the long bow can be found in a particular historical incident. An arrow fired by a We
lsh bowman is reported to have pierced a knight's leg armor, his leg, the armor on the other side of the leg, the knight's saddle, and to have finally lodged in the horse, pinning the knight to his mount.
\par \tab Medieval archers did not always use quivers, but rather kept their arrows tied in bunches and secured to their belts by loops. Mounted archers used quivers that were attached to the saddle.
\par \tab Bows were used as late as 1807, when Russian irregulars harassed Napoleon's armies, and in World War II, when detachments of American archers were used in special actions in Asia.
\par \tab Even today, certain African pygmy tribes and indigenous folk of the Amazon use bows.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Arrows}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab In general, arrows range in length from 20 to 40 inches. The feathers, or fletching, of the arr
ow consist of two or more feathers set coaxially to the shaft. This gives the arrow its aerodynamic lift. If the feathers are instead set diagonally, the arrows rotates in flight. Goose feathers and parrot feathers are used most often in fletching, though
pressed paper and leather are sometimes used.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Flight Arrow}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The flight arrow, as its name implies, is built for distance. These are lightweight arrows and are often used for hunting. Most of these arrows are made of ash or birch and are 30 to 40 inches long.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Incendiary Arrow}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab An incendiary arrow is any arrow type (except bone or stone) with a wad of hemp soaked in a bituminous substance (such as tar) placed just beneath the head. The hemp is lit before the arrow is fired.
\par \tab In addition to its normal damage, the arrow causes one additional hit point of fire damage on
the round of impact unless the target makes a saving throw vs. death magic. At the DM's option, flaming arrows may ignite combustible materials contacting it.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Sheaf Arrow}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Sheaf arrows, also known as war arrows, are heavier arrows with less range than fl
ight arrows, but cause more damage. The arrowheads are steel and quite sharp. Sheaf arrows are used in warfare and can be fired only by long bows. These arrows range in length from 20 to 27 inches.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Stone Arrow}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Stone arrows are considered flight arrows fo
r game purposes, except that the stone arrowheads cause less damage and have a tendency to shatter if they impact armor or similarly hard surfaces. If a stone arrow hits any object made of metal, stone, or a harder substance, it has a 20% chance of surviv
ing the hit without damage to the arrow. If a die roll does not indicate success, the arrow is still allowed a saving throw vs. crushing blow with a +4 bonus using the figures for Rock Crystal. Failure indicates that the arrow shatters.
\par \tab Stone arrowheads are almond shaped or rhomboid and are usually made from stone splinters of flint or obsidian.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Caltrop}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A caltrop is a metal ball bristling with metal spikes or prongs. When a caltrop is left on the ground, there is always at least one spike standing more or less upright, ready to pierce the foot of the unwary.
\par \tab In order to be effective, at least 10 caltrops must be dropped in an area of 25 square feet (a 5'x5' square). Each character entering the area must make a saving throw vs. paralyzation. Failure means
that the pursuer has stepped on a caltrop, suffering 1d4 hit points of damage. The character will be able to move at only one-half his normal rate until the caltrop is dislodged from his foot. The victim must also make a second saving throw vs. paralyzat
ion, with failure indicating that the character is lame for 24 hours (unless magically healed), and can move at only one-third his normal movement rate. In any case, the victim must spend one round removing the caltrop from his foot.
\par \tab If half the number of caltrops are dropped in an area (five in a 25 square foot area), the first save is made with a +4 bonus. For every five }{\i\fs24 extra}{\fs24
caltrops over the required 10 dropped in a 25 square foot area, the saving throw is made at a -2, up to a maximum penalty of -6. A new saving throw must be made for each five-foot section entered in which caltrops have been dropped.
\par \tab Characters moving at less than one-third their normal movement rate through an area of caltrops need not make a saving throw. They are moving slowly enough to avoid the caltrops (although they must be able to see the terrain in order to do so).
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Cestus}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The cestus is a leather glove that has spikes and razor edges on the back and across the knuckles. Other forms of cesti are loaded with lead or other hea
vy filler in order to give a punch more force. The weapon is mainly used as a gladiator weapon in the arenas of sport.
\par \tab The damage caused by the cestus (1d4 vs. small and medium creatures; 1d3 to large) replaces the damage caused by a punch. Although this
may seem to be a disadvantage, remember that punching damage is temporary while damage from the cestus is permanent until healed. There is no proficiency in the cestus, though a warrior can spend a proficiency slot and specialize in it.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "A cestus isn't a true weapon of battle. It's just a cruel way to add damage to a fighter's punch. A cestus is a good weapon only if you like to punch opponents.
\par \tab "But since most combatants inside and outside the arena have missile weapons, spells, long melee weapons such
as spears, polearms, and swords, or benefits due to size, a fighter using a cestus may find himself badly chewed up, if not dead, before closing in enough to use the weapon. And using a cestus in tavern brawls will probably accomplish little more than ca
lling the city guard's wrath on the owner of the cestus.
\par \tab "The cestus is just a dramatic device meant to draw blood and make a contest look more terrible. Few monsters will care about the drama produced by a cestus if the glove is used in real combat.''
\par -- Tisha, Swordswoman Extraordinary}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Club}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Most clubs are stout, hardwood sticks, narrow at the grip and wider at the end. This simple weapon has been used since mankind first began using tools. Anyone can find a good stout piece of wood and swing it; hence the club's widespread use.
\par \tab The club is the ancestor of the mace, since warriors eventually fitted their clubs with spikes and metal heads in order to increase their deadliness.
\par \tab As centuries passed, cultures began embracing civilization and advanced techn
ology. They looked down on the club as a primitive tool and a barbarian weapon. Peasants often arm themselves with clubs, sometimes adapting them by adding iron spikes, resulting in the morningstar.
\par \tab Centaurs are often seen wielding clubs, since sylvan settings have ample wood for fashioning such weapons. Ogres also use clubs, since the weapon does not require brains to use or make.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Despite the lowly status of the club, it is a useful proficiency. A stout tree branch, a wooden chair leg, or a metal rod
all may be considered clubs, and all can be found most anywhere. When an adventurer is without a weapon, knowing how to wield a common stick may save his life.
\par \tab "Clubs are common among adventurers. City guards who do not intend to shed blood use clubs in l
aw enforcement, thieves who wish merely to steal a purse carry them, and humble peasants or street urchins who cannot afford a sword may wield a stout piece of wood. If anyone anticipates a life filled with tavern brawls, proficiency with the club is a mu
st.
\par \tab "Druids favor clubs, since they can cast}{\fs24 shillelagh }{\i\fs24
spells on the wood. Carrying a weapon made of wood, an organic, natural material, is preferable to using iron, since many self-respecting druids will use metal weapons only as a last resort.''
\par -- Archdruid Heather Rose}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The versatility of the club is shown in the Bayeux Tapestry, which depicts squads of Saxons wielding clubs as both melee weapons and missile weapons. Some cultures decorate their clubs or even carve the club heads into representations
of the creatures they expect to hunt.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Crossbow, Light and Heavy}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A crossbow is a bow mounted crosswise on a wooden or metal shaft, the latter called a tiller. The bow is usually made of ash or yew. The crossbow fires a quarrel (also called a bolt).
\par \tab Cros
sbows are loaded by pulling the string back until it locks onto a nut fitted on the tiller. A man's strength is enough to pull the bow to the locking position, although heavier crossbows with more powerful bows require a mechanical aid. The most effective
of these devices is the windlass, a series of pulleys and crank handles fitted at the crossbow's stock. For crossbows that do not have the windlass, a stirrup is fitted on the front of the crossbow. When resetting the bow, the firer places his foot in the
stirrup in order to keep the bow off the ground while he is pulling the string up to the locking position.
\par \tab The main differences between the light and heavy crossbows are the size of the quarrel and the presence of a stirrup, which is found only on the hea
vy crossbow. Heavy and light crossbows are more correctly referred to as two-foot and one-foot crossbows, respectively. This term refers to the length of the quarrels.
\par \tab The one-foot crossbow is made with a steel tiller and is quite rugged. It may be easily concealed beneath flowing garments such as cloaks or robes. It is frowned upon by the more lawful, civilized cities.
\par \tab Although bows cannot be used underwater, the crossbow can, since the tension produced by the weapon overcomes the water resistance. Underwater races such as the locathah, mermen, and tritons use crossbows of both heavy and light varieties.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Crossbow, Hand}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab This deadly little bow is a pistol-sized weapon made with a steel tiller. It is more easily concealed than the light crossbow and its use is considered unethical in civilized society. Hand crossbows have a reloading mechanism built into the tiller.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Apparently, the drow couldn't care less about the hand crossbow's reputation, since they favor this weapon in all encounters. Derro also use hand crossbows, probably a habit they picked up from their fellow subterranean dwellers, the drow.
\par \tab "Of all the crossbows, light crossbows were the first to be developed. Their rate of fire and range are their main advantages. But damage potential is less than that of a bow and arrow.
\par \tab "Heavy crossbows have better range and damage potential, but they can fire only once every other round. If a warrior does not kill his opponent with the first shot, he may not get another chance.
\par \tab "It would be foolish to dismiss the crossbow completely. Heavy and light crossbows have better ranges than their respective bow counterparts, the
long and short bows. The best tactic when using a crossbow is to assemble a line of people, all armed with these weapons, who unleash a devastating volley at an enemy.
\par \tab "Hand crossbows are easily concealed, have an adequate rate of fire, and good range for
such a small weapon. On the other hand, damage potential is worse than that of a dagger, and the weapon may be banned in some lawful kingdoms or cities. Some societies, such as the drow, place poison on their bolts in order to immobilize an opponent.''
\par -- Emryl Aelorthas, Professional Bowyer}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Quarrels}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Quarrels or bolts are the ammunition fired by crossbows regardless of the weapon's size. Crossbows are rated as one-footers or two-footers, according to the bolt's length. Quarrels are shaped like arrows, bu
t the shafts are shorter and thicker. The quarrel heads used for warfare are conical or pyramid-shaped iron heads.
\par \tab European crossbows have existed since the 4th century AD and at first were used primarily for hunting. By 1000 AD, crossbows had been adopte
d for warfare. Use began to wane upon the advent of the English long bow, for despite the fact that the crossbow was a more powerful weapon with better range and was easier to use in close quarters, the rate of fire of a bow was a huge psychological advan
tage. The most talented makers and users of the crossbow were the Italians, whose Genoese mercenary crossbowmen were the best in the world.
\par \tab Although heavy and light crossbows enjoyed a favorable reputation among military commanders, these weapons suffered
a bad reputation. The crossbow was so lethal that Pope Innocent II banned its use in 1139 AD. The edict was later changed, however, so that Crusaders could use it against Moslems.
\par \tab Light crossbows were considered unethical weapons, and were often banned between the 16th and 18th centuries. The light crossbow was primarily used as a hunting weapon.
\par \tab The crossbow was originally developed in China, culminating in a sturdy, reliable model during the Han Dynasty, circa 206 BC. This particular crossbow model, som
e scholars believe, was seen as early as about 36 BC by about 100 Roman soldiers who were taken prisoner in Central Asia. Such experiences or the trade routes that eventually opened passed the concept of the crossbow from East to West.
\par \tab Initially, the Euro
pean crossbow was made with a wooden stave. This construction, however, does not give optimum power to the bolt's flight. By the end of the 11th century, it is believed that many crossbow staves were made of composite construction, usually horn and sinew
in conjunction with wood (usually yew). This method of crossbowmaking came from the Saracens, and the Saracen influence in southern Europe explains why the area became well known for crossbow manufacturing and use.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Dagger}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The typical dagger has a pointed, usually double-edged blade, as opposed to a knife, which has a single edge and is a bit shorter than the dagger.
\par \tab The dagger is one of man's oldest weapons. The first daggers were most likely hand-held spearheads used by cavemen, made of bone or stone. B
one daggers are made from the bones of large animals such as reindeer and bison, with one end sharpened and the handle carved to resemble the animal from which the bones came. Such daggers are relatively fragile, and stone replaced bone when early man dis
covered how to work with stone.
\par \tab Stone daggers are more difficult to make due to the composition of stone. Most stone daggers are made of flint, a hard stone that can be worked easily. The flint is chipped until the proper shape is achieved, usually that of
a broad leaf, then it is sometimes lashed to a wooden handle. This sort of stone dagger has a major weak point: the place where the blade is attached to the handle. Primitive tribes know that the best stone dagger is made from a single piece of stone wit
h the dagger's handle consisting of a straight section of stone. The handle is then wrapped in hide for a good grip. The average stone dagger measures 12 inches long.
\par \tab When man began working with copper and bronze, the technique of making a dagger's handle
and blade from a single piece of material remained. Blade lengths increased up to 24 inches long, and when the length exceeded this, a new weapon, the short sword, was born.
\par \tab Some weaponsmiths have turned dagger making into an art form, decorating the handles, crossguards, and even the blades, with beautiful carvings. Some daggers are decorated with carved scenes derived from a culture's mythology.
\par \tab With the advent of swo
rds, the dagger was relegated to the role of back-up weapon. In fact, the average Roman soldier did not carry a dagger, but his Teutonic barbarian enemy used them. As the barbarian's influence swept over Europe, the dagger was given new life.
\par \tab Daggers with steel blades became necessary in order to penetrate armor. Although knights carried daggers, they were considered a weapon of last resort.
\par \tab The modern handshake derives from a habit used by bodyguards. They would take the hand of anyone visiting the king and shake his arm, hoping to dislodge any dagger concealed in the visitor's sleeve.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Dagger, Dirk}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A dirk has qualities of both the dagger and the knife. While useful as a weapon, it was designed for a variety of uses. It is a version of the ballock knife
(or "kidney dagger"). The dirk has two round, symmetrical globes at the base of the handle, where the handle meets the blade. The grip itself emerges from between the globes and is flared at the top. The blade is often made from a large shard of a sword
blade. The dirk is a single-edged, grooved weapon with a back edge near the point. It usually features a decorative notch at the base.
\par \tab Most dirks have a special scabbard that has two small pockets in the front, one for a knife and one for a fork, used by warriors in the field as an early mess kit.
\par \tab The dirk is a Scottish weapon, carried by Highlanders, making its appearance in the late 17th century. The grip is usually leather, ivy root, or ivory. In the 18th century, the dirk was sometimes mounted in silve
r or gold. Though normally considered a civilian weapon, the dirk was produced as a military blade when Scottish men were incorporated into Britain's regular army.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "A dagger is great because it's easy to conceal, it's good in close-fighting or as a backup weapon, and its shape allows it to be hurled. It has only a few problems--it's a short weapon, with neither the reach nor the damage potential of a sword.
\par \tab "A dagger makes a handy tool as well. Soldiers and adventurers use their daggers as eating utensils. Owning a sharp blade that is easily carried makes life easier (just try drawing a long sword to cut some bread or a piece of rope!).
\par \tab "My favorite advantage of a dagger is that when you rely on stealth, you can use a dagger to dispatch a foe and draw l
ess attention than resorting to a sword, in which case you might as well yell out your intentions. This is one reason why those of us who attack our enemies indirectly savor the dagger and usually carry at least two.''
\par -- Jasmine, Halfling Thief}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Dagger, Parrying}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab This specialized type of dagger is used in conjunction with a sword. It is used to catch or break an opponent's sword. Some versions of this dagger are equipped with spring blades that split into three blades at the push of a button. When such a
dagger is employed in this fashion, it cannot be thrown successfully.
\par \tab Most parrying daggers have long, straight or curved quillons, and a tough side ring that extends perpendicular to the blade in order to protect the user's fingers.
\par \tab Unlike the main-gauche, the parrying dagger is made for a specific purpose, to deflect or break an opponent's weapon. The main-gauche, while also good for parrying, is less of a weapon-breaker.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Dart}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The dart is a small, easily concealable missile weapon that is thrown rather than fired from a bow or other launcher.
\par \tab Darts are known to exist among advanced caveman tribes. These darts are usually small, wooden shafts fitted with a head of bone or stone.
\par \tab In modern cultures, darts have leaf or arrow-shaped heads and stabilizers on the shaft's butt end, much like miniature arrows.
\par \tab Many cultures use darts for sport, hunting, and warfare on land and sea. Lizard men use barbed darts.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Darts are small, easy to hide, and have a good rate of fire.
Range is slightly better than a dagger, but darts cause less damage. Darts may be smeared with various toxins to make them more effective. It makes sense to fire darts at their maximum rate}{\fs24 (three per round), }{\i\fs24
which not only gives the thrower three chances of hitting, but also offsets the low damage potential by offering the possibility of multiple hits.
\par \tab "A dart is a good weapon to throw at a spellcaster. As long as one dart hits a spellcaster, the latter's spell is ruined, regardless of the damage caused.
Of course, this is why many spellcasters carry darts. Most are nimble enough to use them effectively, and if they are unable to cast a spell but see an enemy spellcaster about to cast, a dart can ruin the spell. It helps to be a sharp-eyed, quick-thinkin
g, nimble, handsome fellow such as myself.''
\par -- Malraz Alizar the Magnificent, Illusionist Without Peer}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Flail}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The flail is a sturdy wooden handle attached to an iron rod, a wooden rod with spikes, or a spiked iron ball. Between the handle and its impleme
nt is either a hinge or chain link. The weapon was originally used as a tool for threshing grain. Whether a flail is used by a foot soldier or a horseman, the principle is the same.
\par \tab Rumors tell that the flinds' flindbars are in fact a variation of the flail. This has not been substantiated, and the flinds have no wish to cooperate in the research.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Footman's Flail}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The footman's flail has a handle approximately four feet in length. It otherwise conforms to the above description.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Horseman's Flail}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The hors
eman's version of the flail has a two-foot-long handle. The horseman already has a good positional advantage, sitting atop a horse, and consequently does not need the greater reach afforded by the long handle of the footman's flail. This is a one-handed w
eapon.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "In the adventurer's world, a flail can be used by warriors or priests, especially if the latter is not allowed edged weapons. The footman's flail causes more damage, since the longer pole enables the wielder to make a stronger swing. This is a go
od weapon to use in subduing someone, or even for a disarming maneuver. Bear in mind that the footman's flail is a two-handed weapon, whereas the horseman's flail is one-handed.
\par \tab "There is certainly no problem in a footman using a horseman's flail, although it is not a good habit. A foot soldier would be better off with a different blunt weapon that can cause more damage or have more versatility, such as a warhammer.''
\par -- Brother George, Cleric}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The followers of Peter the Hermit who fought in the Crusades
in the 11th and 12th centuries used flails, placing spikes on the short flail heads. This adaptation gave rise to other modifications, such as replacing the second bar with two or more iron balls attached by chains.
\par \tab Footman's flails were used mostly in the 13th and 14th centuries by foot soldiers, especially peasant troops, while the horseman's version enjoyed use by cavalry troops during the same time period.
\par \tab Flails were used as late as the 1920's by Polish peasants against Soviet troops.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Gaff/Hook}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The gaff or hook is actually a tool used to hook and land fish. It is commonly found where fishing boats are encountered, and the hooks are in plentiful supply, affording the disarmed adventurer a weapon of last resort.
\par \tab The gaff consists of a metal hook with a wooden or metal crossbar at the base. A one-handed tool, the hook protrudes from between the middle and ring fingers.
\par \tab Some sailors who have lost a hand have a cup with a gaff hook attached to the stump, guaranteeing that they are never without a weapon.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Ya don't often see adventurers whacking away with gaffs. To them, it's only a tool. But more often than not, dock workers, press gangs, pirates, and sailors have a pretty good swing with those hooks.''
\par -- Rych the Seeker, Harbormaster}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Hand or Throwing Axe}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The hand axe or throwing axe is also known as a hatchet. The axe blade has a sharp steel tip, counterbalanced by a pointed fluke. The short handle has a point on the bottom and the head may have a spike on top.
\par \tab This weapon is often used by barbarian tribes. Some hand axes are carried on the saddles of knights and horsemen, who respect this weapon after seeing barbarians wield the axes effectively.
\par \tab Despite this acceptance by civilized folk, the throwing axe is often relegated to backup weapon s
tatus since the creation of the battleaxe, whose longer handle gives the wielder greater force in his swing. The maximum length of the hand axe's handle is about 18 inches, not very great, though better than a dagger's reach in hand-to-hand combat. The th
rowing axe's last advantage, its ability to be hurled, was eclipsed with the advent of better bows such as the long bow.
\par \tab Short races such as gnomes make good use of hand axes. The gnomes' traditional enemies, the kobolds, also use hand axes. The weapon's s
ize is small enough to be wielded properly, and it can be hurled as a last resort. Dwarves, of course, are far more interested in the heavier battleaxe.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "The throwing axe is a good backup weapon for an adventurer. It can be used in melee combat or as a
missile weapon, although with mediocre range. The weapon is also useful as a general tool, especially to outdoor types such as rangers, who often need a good tool to hack away at undergrowth in order to blaze a trail.''
\par -- Dalraun Ironedge, Ranger}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Harpoon}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The harpoon is a hunting weapon, which, in times of duress, may be used for defense. Its development by primeval man was for hunting marine mammals and large fish.
\par \tab The first harpoons were merely pointed sticks. Later, these became sticks with a sharp h
ead of horn or bone. The heads often had hooks cut into them for increased damage and to hold the harpoon fast in the beast's flesh. The head was then fitted or attached to the end of the shaft, secured by animal sinews.
\par \tab Metal harpoon heads evolved later, most with pointed or barbed heads. These heads are usually detachable from the shaft, but are connected to the thrower by a cord attached between the point and the barb.
\par \tab When a hunter throws the harpoon and hits an animal, he follows the victim as best he can, playing out as much rope as needed until the beast tires and dies.
\par \tab Some creatures may be of sufficient intelligence to try to free themselves from the harpoon. If the target has Intelligence of 2 or greater and some means of dislodging the hook or
breaking the line, it is allowed a saving throw vs. poison. Success means the victim is freed. Failure means the harpoon is still attached, the victim takes another hit point of damage, and is drawn 10' closer to the harpoon's wielder. The victim is pulle
d toward the wielder }{\i\fs24 only}{\fs24 if a concentrated attempt is made and the victim is of a size and weight that makes this possible (e.g., a harpooned whale cannot be hauled in by a fighter with 13 Strength).
\par \tab Certain primitive jungle tribes traditionally use harpoons to hunt wild boar. Kuo-toa, the aquatic subterranean fish-men, favor the harpoon with as many nasty barbs on the weapon as possible.
\par \tab Harpoons may be used one- or two-handed, and there is no change in speed factor for using it one way or the othe
r. This is a definite advantage. On the other hand, the harpoon has a poor throwing range, and damage potential is less when it is used one-handed, much like a bastard sword. The harpoon is a common weapon in coastal areas, but its primary function is not
as a weapon against an intelligent opponent.
\par \tab Adventurers on ships may experiment with fitting harpoons onto ballista launchers, if the DM permits. This may be especially handy if the PCs are hunting some sea creature that they must haul back to port.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Javelin}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Javelins are classified as light spears, suitable for melee or missile combat, usable either on horseback or on foot. The weapon has been around since man's earliest days. The javelin head is not very large, and is usually leaf-or lancet-shaped. Jav
elin heads may have barbs.
\par \tab As a weapon of war, the javelin has low popularity, though it is often used for hunting purposes. Javelins are also used as a ceremonial weapon of bodyguards in civilized nations. Halberdier yeomen are often assigned javelins.
\par \tab Javelin throwing is a common contest of the games of sport of ancient civilizations.
\par \tab Javelins may be used either one- or two-handed, and like the harpoon, there is no difference in speed factor between the two styles. The javelin has a respectable throwin
g range, certainly better than that of a spear, with damage potential comparable to the spear. Like the harpoon, the javelin gives the adventurer the advantage of a weapon that may be used effectively either as a melee weapon or as a missile weapon.
\par \tab Many
drow carry javelins, often coating the weapons with the same poison they use on crossbow bolts. Kobolds also use javelins, as any weapon which inflicts damage from a long distance is embraced by that cowardly race. Advanced races of lizard men are also ja
velin users.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Knife}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A knife consists of a single-edged, pointed blade with a handle mounted asymmetrically. It is an early weapon, used even by primitive tribes. In these cultures, a knife is little more than a flint blade with one or two cutting edges.
\par \tab Bone knives are little more than a sharpened piece of bone, often decorated in the same way as daggers. Like other bone weapons, bone knives are apt to shatter.
\par \tab True knives appeared when man began using alloys such as bronze. A knife was cast from a single piece of bronze, with a single straight edge or slightly curved blade. The curvature is often accentuated near the point.
\par \tab When man began using iron, knife handles went through a change. The malleability of iron made it easy to create and keep a sharp ed
ge, while also enabling the maker to extend the blade into a flat tang, which was then covered with sidepieces of wood, bone, or horn. This made the handles easier to decorate. In primitive civilizations, knives are used as an all-purpose tool, on the hun
ting grounds, and as a tool of sacrifice.
\par \tab Different forms of knives may be found among the different peoples who depend heavily on this useful tool. Small knives are made for domestic uses, longer knives for hunting and war.
\par \tab Small knives exhibit their own
evolution, resulting in the common man's small knife with a four-inch blade and a plain handle of bone or horn. The more influential citizen may have a knife with a handle of rock crystal or other stone, enclosed in a precious metal. Despite the great va
lue of these knives, they are not as effective in combat as the larger knives (-1 to attack and damage rolls).
\par \tab Non-domestic knives, or outdoor knives, have stronger blades and sharper points. They are carried in their own sheaths, or in the scabbard of a larger weapon, such as a sword, creating a specialized set.
\par \tab In some areas, knife makers are prohibited from selling knives with leaf-shaped blades. Such decrees are an effort to prevent such knives from being carried casually. The leaf shape causes a large, gaping wound that bleeds heavily.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Though it seems as if a dagger and a knife are very much alike, there are important differences. A knife is lighter than a dagger. Its shape does not allow it to be thrown as easily, which explains why the lighter kn
ife has the same throwing range as a dagger. The knife causes only slightly less damage than the dagger. Both weapons have the same rate of fire. The dagger is less a tool and more a weapon, while it can be argued that the reverse applies to the knife.
\par \tab "An adventurer of high station way wish to have a knife and a sword of similar design, both housed in one scabbard. Such a thing is certainly considered a status symbol (definitely a mixed blessing).
\par \tab "A big advantage of knives is that they are found everywhere. Cooks, trappers, and hunters are but three occupations that justify carrying a knife.''
\par -- Peripim Furfoot, Halfling Adventurer and Professional Cook}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab Knife handles historically exhibited wide variations in materials and workmanship. Cast silver knif
e handles were popular in the 16th century, inlaid mother-of-pearl was in vogue in the 17th century, porcelain handles were popular in the 18th century, and carved ivory and bone with fine silver plate was the trend in the 19th century.
\par \tab Nations or cultura
l groups created knives that suited their particular styles or customs. A common knife in southern Europe, for instance, had a blade that folded toward the handle, with the cutting edge housed in a special groove. In Spain, these were called the Navaja, a
nd in Italy the Serramancio. We know them today as clasp knives or jackknives.
\par \tab By far the most famous knife of the past two centuries was a heavy, single-edged, sharply pointed blade with a small handle with wooden sidepieces. The knife was designed for me
lee combat. This knife was much in use in the American West, and was named for its creator: Colonel James Bowie.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Lance}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The term "lance" originally referred to spears wielded by footmen and cavalry. It eventually referred only to cavalry spears.
\par \tab Lance design varies between cultures and eras. Generally, the lance is a long shaft of tough wood, usually ash, with an iron head in the shape of a laurel or willow leaf, with cutting edges and a sharp point meant to penetrate armor.
\par \tab Lances are meant to be gripped close to the bottom, putting a great distance between the wielder and his target. As a rule, the lance is aimed diagonally above the horse's neck. The opponents face each other with their left sides oncoming.
\par \tab Along with almost any variety of sword, the
lance is considered the best offensive weapon for mounted soldiers. Some knights carry a small fabric pennant affixed just below the lance head. These pennants are either triangular or square, and carry the colors or symbols of the knight's family or lie
ge.
\par \tab In parades, lances are held vertically, with the butt set in a stirrup or on the horseman's right thigh. On a march, the lance is held across the shoulder, across the saddlebow, or horizontally alongside the horse.
\par \tab Through evolution, weaponsmiths sought to increase the damage caused by the lance by making them heavier.
\par \tab One of the biggest problems with using a lance is the jarring impact on the user. In order to address this problem, a thick leather ring called a graper is fitted to the shaft just behi
nd the wielder's hand. This acts as a stop against the armpit, halting the lance's rearward motion upon impact.
\par \tab Another important part of a lance is a rest. The rest is a small, sometimes folding bracket fixed to the right side of the knight's breastplate
armor. The graper is leaned against this rest when the lance is in use. The rest enables the knight to get the maximum push from his lance, inflicting the most damage.
\par \tab The difference between the light, medium, and heavy, lances stems from the length (10' for a light, 12' for a medium, and 14' for a heavy), and weight (five pounds, ten pounds, and fifteen pounds for light, medium, and heavy respectively).
\par \tab Each lance type can be used only if the rider is on a horse of corresponding type or greater. Thus, a knight on a heavy warhorse can use any lance, while the scout on a light warhorse is limited to the light lance.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Jousting Lance}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Jousting lances, used in "jousts of peace," are the heaviest lances, weighing 20 pounds and measuring at least 13 feet long.
These lances are fitted with a three-pronged head in order to prevent armor penetration. The prongs are short, blunt projections that emerge from the headpiece, as opposed to a sharp point. This lance is also known as a "courtesy lance." In a full tilt,
a joust of war, the head is blunt and may actually cause fatalities.
\par \tab Locathah riding on the backs of giant eels use light lances.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Light lances can be used as a polearm by adventurers who do not relish combat on horseback, preferring instead to meet the enemy on foot. It can be hard to wield a heavy lance in a forest, so a medium lance may be a good compromise.
\par \tab "Lances are best used as a mounted weapon. When used from the back of a charging mount, it inflicts double damage.
\par \tab "Nothing is more awe-inspiring than a mounted knight, wielding her lance and charging a dragon. Of such things legends are made, and no mounted warrior worth his salt should be without his lance, especially a paladin. I know I have mine!''
\par -- Maura Smallwood, Paladin}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The lance's history can be traced to the Middle East, and was widely used by Greco-Roman horsemen.
\par \tab Though rendered obsolescent in 1600 by the advent of firearms, lances were still used by light cavalry until the 19th century, with many European armies mai
ntaining use of the lance in the Russian Civil War and World War I. Two of the most well-known uses of the lance in the 20th century were the Polish lancers' charges against German armor in 1939, and the Italian charges against the Russians in 1942.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Lasso}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab
A lasso is a length of rope with a loop at one end, tied with a knot that enables the loop to be tightened. The wielder twirls the lasso and throws the loop at the intended target. If it hits, the lasso has encircled the target, enabling the attacker to
dismount the victim, make him fall, pin him, strangle him, etc. The wielder must specify exactly what he wants the lasso to accomplish before making his attack roll.
\par \tab A successful hit does not cause damage to the target, but incidental damage can occur from the results of certain actions performed with the lasso, such as making someone fall or strangling a victim.
\par \tab The many tricks which can be performed with a lasso are outlined in the Equipment Chapter of }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 .
\par \tab A lasso may be severed by 2 hit points of cutting damage. A victim's Strength can break a lasso, using the character's Bend Bars/Lift Gates roll. Only one attempt can be made on any one lasso.
\par \tab Lassos are also called lariats. Characters can take lasso as a weapon proficiency, but they should remember that the Rope Use nonweapon proficiency gives a +2 bonus to hit with a lasso.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Lasso? What sort of heroic weapon is a lasso? What is a warrior going to do, tie up his victim and make him die of
embarrassment? Bah! If a warrior is so keen on using a length of hemp rope, let him learn Rope Use. That way, not only is there a better chance at hitting a victim with a lasso than if he were proficient with the lasso as a weapon, but the adventurer wil
l also pick up many more tricks, rather than wasting time trying to become expert at throwing silly loops of rope! Lassos, indeed!''
\par -- Kedar the Dark, Warrior Lord of Adauntlynn}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Mace}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The mace is a direct descendant of the basic club, being nothing more than a wooden club with a stone or iron head mounted on one end. The head design varies, with some being spiked, others flanged, and still others with pyramidical knobs.
\par \tab The mace has existed since man began working with metal. The first maces were made in order to give the club wielder more power in his swing.
\par \tab High-level priests, knights, and even paladins may have a personalized, decorated mace that serves primarily as a symbol of rank.
\par \tab Since the mace is a weapon that requires very little in the way of specialized training, it is a favored weapon among goblins.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Footman's Mace}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Footman's maces originated as heavy wooden truncheons, about two and a half feet in length and covered with iron studs. As time went by, flanged heads similar to the horsemen's mace were used instead. This mace is a two-handed weapon.
\par \tab There are two different types of footman's maces: an emergency weapon made from materials at hand and thrown together by a blacksmith, and the maces made by professional weaponsmiths for troops. In o
rder to reflect the difference between the two types, the homemade mace should be given a -1 penalty to attack and damage rolls.
\par \tab The hasty, emergency maces are usually a wooden handle with any sort of metal head attached.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Horseman's Mace}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab
The first horseman's maces were a wooden handle, about 18 inches long, with a leather wrist strap at the bottom of the handle so the weapon would not be dropped, and a metal head. As time progressed, knights preferred to have maces made entirely of metal.
\par \tab The horseman's mace became an important weapon to the knight. Knights usually keep a mace slung over a hook on the saddlebow. Not surprisingly, an alternate name for the horseman's mace is the knight's mace. This type of mace is a one-handed weapon.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "M
aces are a step up from the basic club, and are a good weapon especially for priests who cannot use edged weapons. Adventurers may find that the horseman's mace is actually a good secondary weapon for a footman, though the reverse is certainly not true!
\par \tab "A mace is specially made for crushing things, especially helmets and armor.''
\par -- Brother "Helmsbane'' Maynard}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The Romans armed their allied auxiliaries with bronze-headed maces, although they never used maces themselves.
\par \tab Two styles of mace head patterns emerged before the 14th century. The first was a ferrule from which extended knot or node-shaped pieces, and the second was a geometrically designed head with vanes (conical or diamond-shaped flanges).
\par \tab Gothic influence in the 14th century made maces more
decorative, a trend which ended in the 16th century, when maces were given a more military form. Eastern European maces, especially those from Poland and Hungary, had onion-shaped heads, an idea taken from the Turkish maces. Maces were used as a weapon u
p until the 18th century.
\par \tab During the Middle Ages, arming oneself with a mace took on significance among nobles and army commanders. The mace became a preferred weapon among wealthy or illustrious users, and it became symbolic of power, wealth, and renown.
These maces were shaped or decorated in a manner that represented the wielder. Thus, the owner of a mace became recognized as a person of prominence and rank, with the number of ribs and flanges on the mace indicating the owner's status.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Main-Gauche}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The
main-gauche (French for "left hand") is a large dagger with a basket hilt. Since most swordsmen use their right hand to wield a sword, this dagger is meant for the left hand, wielded as a defensive weapon when a warrior is using the two-handed fighting t
echnique. The main-gauche is also called a "left-hand dagger."
\par \tab The heavy basket of the main-gauche is the equivalent of an iron gauntlet for the purposes of hand-to-hand combat.
\par \tab Fighters proficient with main-gauche gain a +1 bonus to hit with Disarm and Parry maneuvers. More information on fighting styles and maneuvers can be found in }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 in the Combat chapter.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "A main-gauche causes the same damage as a normal dagger, but the former is designed especially for defense. It's im
portant not to confuse the main-gauche with the parrying dagger. The latter has a different design, including longer quillons and sometimes a triple blade. A parrying dagger also has a greater likelihood of breaking an opponent's weapon. A main-gauche off
ers better protection to the user's hand. In any case, it is quite a sight to see a warrior using a sword in one hand and a main-gauche in the other.''
\par -- Mendrill Halfelven, Bard}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Mancatcher}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A mancatcher is a polearm with a special function: to capture an opponent without killing him. The weapon consists of a long pole with a set of spring-loaded, sharpened jaws at one end. The victim is caught between the jaws, which then snap shut.
\par \tab The target, regardless of armor and other defensive devices (magic
al or otherwise), is treated as AC 10, though appropriate Dexterity bonuses are allowed. If a hit is scored, the opponent is caught, losing shield and Dexterity bonuses. In addition, the victim can be pushed and pulled around at the whim of the mancatcher
's wielder.
\par \tab While caught in the mancatcher, the victim suffers 1d2 hit points of damage per round. There is a 25% chance that the trapped character will fall to the ground.
\par \tab The victim may attempt to escape the grip of a mancatcher by making a successful bend bars/lift gates roll, but he suffers an extra 1d2 points of damage while breaking away.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Mancatchers are good for pulling horsemen off their mounts and pinning them to the ground, but the weapon is only good on man-sized opponents. Smaller creatures
like goblins and kobolds can just slip on through, and the larger creatures don't have the right frame, though why anyone would want to capture any of these disgusting things alive is beyond me.
\par \tab "Mancatchers are used often by that foul, subterranean race
of fish-men, the kuo-toa. Some adventurers who may have suffered the depredations of the kuo-toa and who see a character wielding a mancatcher may get a bit upset. Often, it's best to steer clear of weapons that remind certain people of certain races, un
less of course, someone is really good with the weapon in question!''
\par -- Troxel the Unpredictable}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Morning Star}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The morning star is a wooden shaft topped with a metal head made up of a spiked iron sheath. Morning stars have an overall length of about four
feet. Some such weapons have a round, oval, or cylindrical shaped head studded with spikes. Extending from most morning star heads, regardless of design, is a long point for thrusting.
\par \tab The weapon is designed to allow the wielder to inflict greater damage with his swing. The weighted, spiked head adds to this ability significantly.
\par \tab Long-handled morning stars are used by foot soldiers, while the short-handled versions are used by horsemen. It is a very popular weapon due to its effectiveness and its simplicity of production.
\par \tab The morning star traces its ancestry to the mace, which in turn traces its lineage back to the club.
\par \tab Hobgoblins, a race that takes great delight in inflicting pain, often use morning stars. Troglodytes use stone morning stars.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Mor
ning stars are clubs with a real nasty attitude. They can cause as much damage to a man as a longsword, probably because of them spikes. I hear tell that the morning star is called a bludgeoning weapon as well as a piercing weapon, but tell me, have you e
ver seen a sharp spike hit someone at high speeds and have that called bludgeoning?''
\par -- Suriel, Cleric of Tyr}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The morning star was derived from the Swiss Morgenstern (literally: "morning star"), and was used during the 16th and 17th centuries, especially in England. The weapon had the perverse nickname of "holy water sprinkler."
\par \tab The morning star was popular from the Middle Ages to the late 17th century, though its use continued among peasants and poor urban militiamen and gangs up to the 19th century.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Net}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The net is a tool that has been used as a weapon since the days when emerging civilizations held gladiatorial arena combat. This version of the net is an eight- to twelve-foot diameter circular net with weights around the edges and a trailing rope us
ed to guide the net and pull it away. It is usually folded in such a way that it twirls open when thrown. It is tossed with one hand, with the attacker holding onto the guide rope with the other hand.
\par \tab A successful hit with this weapon means that the victim is netted and must try to break free by making a Strength check once per round until successful. The netted victim cannot make any sort of attack until the net has been shaken off.
\par \tab On the round after the victim is netted, the attacker has several options for his next action, including using another weapon to strike the entangled victim. The victim loses his Dexterity and shield bonuses to armor class until he is freed.
\par \tab The attacker may improve his gr
ip on the victim by looping the trailing rope around the netted character. This requires a normal attack roll for success, and the victim loses 4 points of effective Strength (for determining success of freeing oneself from the net) per successful round o
f attack. If the victim's Strength is reduced to zero, he is hopelessly tangled and cannot escape unless helped by someone outside the net.
\par \tab If a warrior throws a net and misses, it is open and unfolded. It may still be thrown, but it is no longer folded correctly and is consequently an unwieldy weapon. Attackers suffer a -3 penalty to hit when throwing an unfolded net.
\par \tab A properly folded net allows the attacker to perform Disarm, Parry, and Pin maneuvers. Such attacks are at a -3 to hit if the net is unfolded.
\par \tab Certain underwater races, such as nixies and sahuagin, use nets not only for fishing, but also as a combat weapon, usually when they wish to take a victim alive.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "This weapon is rather unusual, but it can be quite effective. Imagine, a weapon which
, if it hits, will immobilize an opponent in just one round. Of course, such a weapon is not very effective on larger than man-sized or exceptionally strong creatures (such as an ogre), though it may buy a wounded adventurer some time, since a successful
hit means that the victim must abandon plans for attacking and concentrate instead on getting out of the net.
\par \tab "Characters who can set snares and traps ought to consider the net when making their little traps. It could come in handy for defense or in a hasty retreat.''
\par -- Bramm Po, Illusionist}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Pick, Military}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The medieval military pick was a specialized weapon. It probably originated from the common mining tool. As armor grew heavier, the pick's form and function were soon adapted to a specialized role. Th
is role was to penetrate the heavier armor types, from chain mail up through full plate armor. The military pick was a modification of a weapon called the }{\i\fs24 martel-de-fer}{\fs24
, a type of war hammer that had a hammerhead balanced by a thick, curved piercing fluke or \ldblquote crow's beak.\rdblquote
\par \tab The military pick generally consists of a heavy piercing fluke mounted on a haft. The weapon might have either one or two flukes, and the haft might be spiked.
\par \tab The weapon is popular with knights and the heavy foot soldiers of certain mercenary companies. Dwarves and gnomes are also fond of the weapon, and deep gnomes (svirfneblin) in particular use great numbers of them.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Footman's Pick}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The footman's version of this weapon has a longer haft (up to 5'), enabling it to be wielded with two hands. The weapon weighs about six pounds and can be swung with great penetrating force.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Horseman's Pick}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The horseman's pick is lighter (about 4 pounds) and has a shortened haft (about two feet), making it easier to wield from horseback. It is commonly
used by knights and heavy mercenary horsemen, who face more heavily armored opponents. The deep gnomes' weapon is also of this lighter variety.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Races who particularly enjoy mining, such as gnomes, svirfneblin, and dwarves, can be found with these weapo
ns. They usually know how to use a pick both as a tool and as a weapon, though they will first use normal weapons if given the chance. Sometimes they have to wield these as weapons against another race known for its subterranean diggings, and who also use
the pick as a weapon: the duergar.''
\par -- Nahac the Gnome Sage}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Polearms}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Also called staff weapons, polearms are defined as hafted weapons--edged weapons mounted on a short handle or on a longer shaft wielded with two hands. The shafts are usually made of wood, though metal shafts sometimes exist.
\par \tab An alternate term for polearm
is pollaxe, which is used to describe any weapon which has a metal head in a combination of axe, beak, or hammer, mounted on a pole ranging four to six feet in length. Poll is the contemporary word for a steel head mounted on a staff, and the term should
not be confused with "poleaxe."
\par \tab Though descriptions of the various polearm types follow, there are certain characteristics common with all pole weapons, as outlined here.
\par \tab Polearms are easy to make and are used often by peasants and common foot soldiers.
The polearm is a great equalizer for these troops, who often must fight armored men on horseback. A polearm gives the wielder a long reach without exposing himself to the swing of a sword. Setting polearms to receive a charge grants the wielders an initia
tive bonus.
\par \tab A primary use of the polearm is to allow warriors in the second rank to attack over the shoulders of the front rank. Often times, a fighter with a hand weapon and shield will team up with one using a pole arm, and they will fight as a coordinat
ed unit.
\par \tab Polearms that have special attachments to topple mounted targets have a base 20% chance of success.
\par \tab Special optional rules for implementing polearm tactics may be found in the Combat chapter in }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 .
\par \tab Gnolls and hobgoblins make it a point to carry polearms often. A band of such creatures encountered carrying polearms will be knowledgeable in polearm tactics. Orcs favor halberds, pikes, and glaives.
\par \tab While the Master Weapons Chart at the end of this chapter shows which polearms cause extra damage when set to receive a charge, any polearm can be used to receive a charge regardless of whether it causes extra damage.
\par
\par }{\b\i\fs24 \tab The Real Way To Use A Polearm}{\i\fs24
\par \tab "Alright, listen up, for I am only going to say this once. I grow weary of s
eeing groups of bumbling amateurs running around with polearms, each person with a different type. One uses his halberd, another uses a pike, still another has a guisarme-voulge, and he cannot even}{\fs24 pronounce }{\i\fs24
it, let alone use it! This is ridiculous. If you are going to use a polearm, use it correctly! Here's how.
\par \tab "First of all, for the gods' sake, try to get some idea of where your group is going. Are you going to the jungle or a dense forest? You are? Then why buy a polearm, you fool!? You will have no ro
om to wield it, and more often than not you'll wind up poking your comrade's eye out. Make sure that the terrain suits the weapon.
\par \tab "Next, once you know that the destination justifies a polearm, each person should get the same type of polearm. The weapons
vary in the speed with which they can be swung and the amount of space needed to wield the things. Different polearms complicate what should be a simple operation.
\par \tab "When you see an enemy charging at you, have all the polearm bearers line up in the front r
ow, with weapons set to receive the charge. In order to set for a charge, the wielder should stand sideways, leaning forward so the left shoulder faces the oncoming foe. The polearm should be set at an angle, with the head pointing away from the ground, f
acing up at the enemy. The end of the handle should rest against the instep of the right foot. Both hands hold the pole firmly. You are now ready to receive a charge.
\par \tab "Once the enemy impales himself on the blades, you cannot just pull out the staff weapon
and begin hitting the creature. Your non-polearm-wielding comrades behind you should begin throwing spells, hurling missiles, spears, whatever, at the impaled foes. Try your best to keep the enemy on the blade, and out of your reach.
\par \tab "Now that's the way to use a polearm! It is a team effort that needs to be practiced often. Remember this, and perhaps it will save your life!''
\par -- Fiona the Ranger, Daughter of Dierdre}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Awl Pike}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Also known just as a "pike" and a Morris pike (corruption of Moorish), this is a
n infantry spear ranging 16 to 22 feet in length. Awl heads are usually leaf- or lozenge-shaped. The pole is made of a strong wood, such as ash. Many pike heads are made with two tongues of steel, nailed down the sides of the shaft in order to prevent the
head from getting hacked off. The grip is often bound with cloth and the butt capped in steel to prevent the shaft from splitting. The awl pike has the dubious distinction of being the slowest polearm available. Add to this its mediocre damage against man
-sized opponents, and one is left with a weapon of questionable value, except when used en masse on the battlefield.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Bardiche}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The word bardiche is the corrupted spelling of berdysh. The berdysh (Russian term) is in effect an elongated battleaxe with a large, narrow, curved axe head measuring 24 to 32 inches long, mounted on a pole five to eight feet long.
\par \tab The upper part of the head can be used for thrusting, while the lower part is in the form of a langet. A langet is an iron strap used to increase the strength of the head and protect the most exposed part of the weapon from blows.
\par \tab Berdysh require more room to wield than a pike or a spear, but the weapon has a unique function: it can be used as a gun rest. The smaller berdysh have two rings for attaching to a shoulder strap. This arrangement is popular among horsemen.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Bec de Corbin}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Also called the bec de faucon, the names mean "crow's beak" and "falcon's
beak" respectively. This pole weapon has a hook much like a bird's beak and is ideal for cutting open armor like some great can opener. The weapon also has a hammer or axe side that delivers a solid hit. This is a highly specialized weapon, designed for t
he purpose of cutting armor then striking the now unarmored victim with the other side of the weapon. The pole shaft is eight feet long.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Bill-Guisarme}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Also known simply as a "bill," this weapon is derived from an agricultural tool, the bill hook. Througho
ut its years of use, the bill's head went through many changes. Its most common head form is a sharp spike with a sturdy hook whose inside and outside edges were sharpened, and a cutting blade reminiscent of a cleaver. The pole length ranges around eight
feet.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Fauchard}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Developed from the common agricultural sickle or scythe, the fauchard consists of a long, curving blade with a large, pointed head and a }{\i\fs24 fluke}{\fs24
(a small, curved hook found on many polearms). The head is mounted on a wooden pole about eight feet long. Peasants can often change scythes into fauchards.
\par \tab The fauchard is classified as a glaive. It is not very good as a thrusting weapon, but is used mainly as a slashing weapon. It fulfils the need for a weapon that puts some distance between the wielder and his enemy.
\par \tab Since the fauchard is not an instrument designed foremost as a weapon but rather a farm tool adapted for war, it is inefficient as a weapon of war, being rather bulky and needing a large area to be used properly.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Fauchard-Fork}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab This term denotes a fauchard with the fluke attached. The fluke was added in order to improve the weapon's thrusting capability, but the effort was fruitless. It is still a bulky weapon, requiring much space to be wielded effectively.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Glaive}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The glaive is a p
ole weapon with a large head shaped like a knife or a sword mounted on an eight- to ten-foot long shaft. The blade usually turns outward in order to increase the cutting area. Some glaives are fitted with flukes. Overall, the glaive's damage potential is
not spectacular, but its long reach makes up for this. It effectively takes a normal sword blade and gives it a great reach.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Glaive-Guisarme}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab This term describes a glaive with a fluke mounted on the back of the blade. It is slower and heavier than a glaive, and its potential damage is nothing noteworthy.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Guisarme}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Also called the gisarme or the giserne, the guisarme is an elaborately curved blade, much like the crescent blade of an axe, attached to a six-foot long staff. Thrusting spikes are often attached
to the top of the shaft. The guisarme is supposed to have come from the farmer's pruning hook. The weapon may have contributed to the development of the berdysh and the halberd.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Guisarme-Voulge}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab
This term describes the guisarme in its later stages, with a curved axe-head. It features a back spike, the fluke, for punching through armor, and the blade's end tapers for thrusting attacks. Often, the fluke is replaced with a sharp hook for use in dism
ounting riders. It is a slower weapon than the plain guisarme but causes comparable damage.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Halberd}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab By far the oldest and most often used polearm, the halberd consists of a cleaverlike axe blade mounted on a staff averaging six feet in length. The axe bla
de is balanced at the rear with a fluke, and surmounted by a sharp spike, usually of quadrangular design. The fluke is sometimes replaced by a hook used to dismount cavalry. A halberd can be best described as a cross between a spear and an axe.
\par \tab Though a h
alberd's main function is to dismount cavalry, it may also be employed as a thrusting weapon and a cutting weapon. It is not a fast weapon, even compared to other polearms. Still, it does more damage to a man-sized opponent than all other polearms.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Hook-Fauchard}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Like the fauchard-fork, the hook-fauchard is another attempt to improve the fauchard. This weapon has a hook fitted on the blade's back. The hook is used to dismount cavalry. Like its predecessors, it was
not a very effective weapon. Its damage potential is horrible compared to the fauchards that it was supposed to improve upon, and it is slower than the original fauchard.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Lucern Hammer}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The lucern hammer is a hammerhead with a spike at its rear, mounted
on a long pole, reaching as much as ten feet in length. In some cases, the end is fitted with a spike to keep enemy soldiers at bay. It is one of the heavier pole weapons and is rather slow. The entire weapon is usually made of steel, including the pole,
and often it is decorated with carvings and precious metal gilding.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Military Fork}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The military fork is the warrior's version of a simple agricultural farming tool. The head consists of two parallel spikes, often fitted with hooks for pulling horsemen off
their mounts. Certain versions of the fork have a blade mounted just below the spikes. The wooden staff is about seven feet long.
\par \tab Forks are useful not only as thrusting weapons, but as tools for climbing the defender's ramparts, setting up ladders, and hoisting baskets of supplies.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Partisan}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The partisan (alternatively spelled "partizan") is a staff weapon consisting of a long, tapering, double-edged spear blade with two diagonally-set flukes at the base. The shaft is about eight feet long. The partisan's
flukes may be used to catch and break opponents' weapons, as well as to inflict extra damage. Partisan heads are large enough to allow engraving and ornamentation.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Ranseur}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Also known as the rancoon and the rawcon, the ranseur resembles a partisan, excep
t that the ranseur's flukes are longer, resulting in a three-pronged head. The flukes are, however, shorter than the middle blade. Partisans are sturdier than ranseurs. The three prongs are large enough to puncture armor or trap a weapon and disarm the op
ponent (considered a Called Shot, -4 to hit, see Combat chapter of }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 ).
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Spetum}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Spetums are similar to ranseurs, except that the side blades sometimes angle backward, increasing the damage when the blade is pulled out of a woun
d. When the weapon is pulled out of a victim, he suffers an additional 1d2 hit points of damage due to the side blades. The spetum's shaft is eight feet long.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Voulge}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Also called the vouge and the Lochaber axe, this weapon is a large, long blade, narrowin
g to a spike at the top, with a hook-shaped fluke at the blade's rear. The staff is eight feet long. Though it is a simple weapon to make, this advantage is offset by the fact that it is one of the slowest polearms available.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Taken as an entire weapon
group, polearms are a useful weapon especially in an outdoor setting. Their advantages include a good reach, excellent defensive capability, and the ability to knock opponents off their mounts. Among the drawbacks of polearms as a whole are the amount of
r
oom needed to wield them, their diminished usefulness in close-quarters melee, their overall slowness, and their encumbrance. Also, with so many polearm types to choose from, it is unlikely that a group of adventurers all have the same weapon or that ever
y
one in the group will want a polearm of any sort in the first place. Polearms are more effective if several people have them; a single adventurer wielding a halberd is not going to stop a row of four charging orcs. Remember the advice given earlier and tr
y to co-ordinate polearm choices before going off to adventure.''
\par -- Fiona, Daughter of Dierdre}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The sarisa, a Macedonian infantry spear, was the ancestor of the pike. The Swiss rediscovered the idea of mounting a spear head on a very long pole, and it bec
ame so popular that they adopted the pike as their national weapon in the 15th century. Their prowess with the pike, not only as a defensive weapon but as an offensive one, prompted other European nations to adopt it. The pike remained in use until the en
d of the 17th century, when muskets and bayonets made the long spears obsolete.
\par \tab The berdysh were created by the Russians and used by Muscovite infantry during the 16th and 17th centuries. They were also used in Scandinavia and eastern Europe.
\par \tab The bec de corbin (and faucon) was used by the upper classes during the Late Middle Ages and early Renaissance. The terms are French, but the weapons were so named by English writers!
\par \tab The bill was a popular weapon with the English, and, along with the halberd, remain
ed in use longer than all other polearms, well into the early 17th century. The English bills had a shorter shaft length, usually around four feet, and were rather tough.
\par \tab The glaive (derived from the Latin }{\i\fs24 gladius}{\fs24 , meaning "sword") blade increased in size
over the years until it was big enough to have a nation's or ruler's coat of arms engraved upon it. It was often carried in parades. Glaives were introduced in the 14th century and favored by the French. The blade is said to resemble a large bread knife.
The 16th century Italians and Germans favored the glaive as a palace guard weapon.
\par \tab The guisarme was used extensively between the 12th and 17th centuries.
\par \tab Halberds were introduced sometime between the 6th and 9th centuries AD, when foot soldiers of Northe
rn Europe mounted their swords, called scramasax, on poles. The Swiss refined this weapon and wielded it with devastating skill. In fact, halberds were known to split a man's head from pate to jaw, armor notwithstanding! The halberd got its name during th
e first primitive versions made by the Swiss.
\par \tab The word }{\i\fs24 halberd}{\fs24 comes from the German words }{\i\fs24 halm}{\fs24 (staff), and }{\i\fs24 barte}{\fs24 (axe).
\par \tab Primitive halberds had a wide blade with a straight cutting edge. The staff fit through two sockets in the back of the blade. This de
sign was probably inspired by the guisarme. By the end of the 15th century, the halberd was modified in order to increase its effectiveness. This is the halberd type most often referred to when using the term. The primitive halberds were soon referred to
as the }{\i\fs24 Swiss vouge}{\fs24 (voulge). Like most polearms, the halberd fell into decline with the introduction of firearms.
\par \tab Confusion often exists whether a lucern hammer is a hammer. It is safe to say yes, it is a hammer, and is alternately called a war hammer. A s
hort-handled version of the lucern hammer was used by mounted troops as early as the mid-13th century. It is longer than the weapon most adventurers call a war hammer and is used mainly by massed units on the battlefield. The lucern hammer gets its name f
rom the Swiss city of Lucerne, whose armories were well-stocked with the weapon, so much so that scholars named them after the city.
\par \tab Military forks are descended from farmer's pitchforks, though the former's spikes were straight as opposed to the curved sp
ikes of the latter. This weapon appeared frequently during the Crusades and peasant revolts from the 15th to 19th centuries. In 1920, Polish peasants used forks to fight off Soviet troops attacking Warsaw.
\par \tab Partisans are a derivative of the langdebeve, a broad-bladed spear. The name }{\i\fs24 partisan}{\fs24
came from the people who wielded it, the partisans, in late 15th century France and Italy. After its retirement as a weapon of war, partisans continued to be used as ceremonial weapons in royal courts. In fact, the Swis
s Guards of the Vatican and the Yeomen of the Guard at the Tower of London still use partisans at state occasions or when in full dress.
\par \tab The term }{\i\fs24 voulge}{\fs24 has been used to describe many types of polearms, thus its true meaning is obscure. A number of texts
associate the voulge with the English bill, the French glaive, and the Swiss vouge, the latter of which is the accepted voulge form. The lochaber axe is a Scottish polearm used in the 16th to 18th centuries, most likely descended from the gisarme.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Quarterstaff}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The simplest and humblest of staff weapons, the quarterstaff is a length of wood ranging six to nine feet in length. High quality quarterstaves are made of stout oak and are shod with metal at both ends. The quarterstaff must be wielded with both h
ands.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Such a simple weapon, yet so popular. Any class of adventurer, be he an armored warrior, spell thrower, cutpurse, or man of faith, can use a quarterstaff. The staff is also a fine practice weapon, especially in place of other two-handed weapons s
uch as two-hand swords or polearms. The staff is held in the middle with the left hand, while the right hand holds on at one-quarter of the whole staff's length from the end.
\par \tab "Quarterstaves are popular among the kenku, the mysterious, Oriental, birdlike humanoids. This blunt weapon is usually used to knock out an opponent as opposed to killing him.
\par \tab "Wizards may decorate their staves, even cast spells on them in order to make the weapons look magical. It may fool someone into thinking that a simple wooden staff is in fact a}{\fs24 staff of the magi.''
\par }{\i\fs24 -- Albertus, Battle Mage}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Sap}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Alternatively called a bla
ckjack, the sap is a small leather bag filled with sand, lead shot, coins, or other weighted materials. It is used to quietly knock out a victim by administering a blow to the head or back of the neck. Thus, the sap has no effect on helmeted targets. If t
he sap strikes any other part of the body, the damage is halved and there is no other effect.
\par \tab Of the damage caused by the sap attack, 25% is actual physical damage, and the other 75% is temporary damage that wears off in 1d6 turns.
\par \tab In order to effectively
use the sap, the attacking character makes a Called Shot at -8 to hit. If a hit is scored, damage is determined normally. The attacker then has a 5% chance per hit point of damage to knock out the victim, up to a maximum of 40%. This maneuver works only
against targets that are man-sized or smaller.
\par \tab When a sapping maneuver is performed on a sleeping or magically held victim, the maneuver automatically hits, but the chance of knockout increases to 10% per hit point of damage, to a maximum of 80%.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "A sap
is more suited to an urban environment than to the great outdoors or dungeon crawl. It is a weapon favored by thieves looking to cosh someone on the head and take his purse. If a party of adventurers is infiltrating a stronghold in order to capture someo
ne, however, a sap may come in handy.''
\par -- Kyrian Darkstar, the Infiltrator}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Scourge}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab The scourge is a short whip with several leather tails or thongs. Each thong has metal barbs, broken glass, or any other sharp fragments attached along its length. A simi
lar device, the cat-o-nine-tails, is a nine-tailed whip with knots tied in each thong.
\par \tab The scourge is not so much a weapon as it is a means of inflicting great pain. Still, it causes damage and can be used as a weapon.
\par \tab The only creatures known to wield scourges with any sort of consistency are the Balor Tanar'ri, chaotic evil denizens of the Abyss. This should give the idea of the type of creature who wields such an instrument.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "A scourge? Why would any self-respecting adventurer want one? Those dreade
d things are most associated with torture, not combat. No one raises an eye when an adventurer walks into town with a sword; a man has to protect himself, and, times being what they are, no one will begrudge an adventurer's right to carry a sword. But car
r
ying a scourge will probably mark someone as a follower of some cruel, torturing deity, or at the very least, as an evil person. Any adventurer with a shred of decency will avoid the scourge and get something that will put an enemy out of its misery, not
prolong it!''
\par --Strang of Tempus}{\fs24
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "How odd. Personally, I find the scourge to be of great value in temple worship. It is also a great motivator.''
\par -- Leeahn, Priestess of Loviatar, Mistress of Pain}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The scourge is truly a monument to man's ability to cau
se suffering. When a scourge hits a victim, the thongs curl around the trunk and limbs, with the barbs digging into the flesh. The torturer then pulls the scourge away, ripping even more of the victim's skin. In ancient Rome, certain soldiers were trained
with the scourge to cause the maximum amount of pain without killing the victim. Roman citizens were exempt from scourging, while subject peoples were not.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Sickle}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab
The sickle is a farming implement consisting of a crescent-shaped blade mounted on a short handle. It is used in combat primarily by peasants or adventurers who have no weapon and are forced to make do with whatever they can find. Most farms have sickles,
which are used for cutting weeds, grass, and grains.
\par \tab Druids favor the sickle due to its strong association with agriculture. Golden sickles are used to harvest mistletoe as components for druid spells.
\par \tab As a weapon, the sickle is as effective as a dagger, but is slower overall.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Sling}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Slings have existed since the beginning of recorded history. The basic sling consists of a leather or fabric strap with a pouch for holding the missile. The weapon is held by both ends of the strap and twirled around the wie
lder's head. When top speed is attained, the missile is launched by releasing one of the strap's ends.
\par \tab The sling is a cheap weapon and is easy to make. Thus, it is common among peasants, especially since it makes a good hunting weapon.
\par \tab The sling's missile is either a smooth, rounded stone or a ball of lead. While stones are easier to find (most shallow streams have an abundance of smooth stones), the lead bullet causes more damage and flies farther than the stone.
\par \tab A sling's projectile is capable of producing severe bruising or even broken bones against a man or his mount. Against armor, however, the sling loses most of its effectiveness.
\par \tab Halflings are known to be quite good at using the sling, and it is a common weapon among members of that race.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Sli
ngs are a fine missile weapon for thieves, since the weapon is easily concealed and quiet. Actually, it is not a bad proficiency for anyone to pick up, since making a sling and finding ammunition is easy. The sling's missiles have a good range. If using a
sling out-of-doors, one never lacks for ammunition, though lead bullets fly farther and cause more damage.''
\par -- Ariane, Professional Cutpurse}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab Slings were heavily used by the peoples living around the Mediterranean basin. The Romans did not assign slings
to their soldiers, but allowed their auxiliary troops to use them. The sling was used during the Middle Ages, and slingers are depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry, not as soldiers, but as hunters.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Spear}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab One of man's earliest weapons, dating back to the most
primitive of times, the first spears were simply wooden poles or sticks sharpened at one end. When fire was discovered and mastered, spear points were hardened by charring. As man became more adept at using tools, spears were either fitted with a stone h
ead or the point was reinforced with splints of stone or bone.
\par \tab When man mastered metals, spear heads were made from iron and steel. Having reached this end, weaponers began experimenting with different types of spear heads, thus leading to the development of certain polearm types such as the ranseur.
\par \tab Spear shafts are usually made from yew or ash, since these woods are both flexible and strong. The shafts range five to eleven feet in length. In melee, spears may be used either one or two handed, with more d
amage inflicted if used in the latter mode. Spears 10 feet or longer cannot be wielded with one hand.
\par \tab Though spears are normally used for thrusting, they can also be thrown. Special devices exist for hurling spears. These devices are variously shaped piec
es of wood, horn, or bone with hooks, hollows, or grooves meant to house the spear butt. When using one of these throwers, the spear's throwing range is doubled. The cost of a spear thrower is 1 gold piece. The thrower weighs two pounds.
\par \tab A character wielding a spear gains an attack bonus for high Dexterity and a damage bonus for high Strength.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Long Spear}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab A long spear is like a normal spear, except that its shaft ranges 12 to 13 feet in length and cannot be thrown.
\par \tab Orcs and ogres use spears often in battle. They are simple weapons for simple-minded creatures.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Spears are versatile, since they can be used by footmen and horsemen alike. The former can set their spears into the ground, in hope of impaling a charging
enemy. Footmen can use spears as melee weapons or as missile weapons. Horsemen use spears in much the same way as lances.
\par \tab "As for long spears, unless one is prepared to forego shield protection and use the weapon with two hands, it is not worth selecting
over the normal spear. Long spears need room to be wielded properly, they cannot be thrown, their damage is not much better than a normal spear, and they are slower than their smaller bretheren.''
\par -- Lord Boris Vladimir, Professional Warrior}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab Spears have existed since the Paleolithic era, some 500,000 years ago. Horsemen of 20,000 BC began using them as missile weapons, complete with the hurling devices explained earlier.
\par \tab The Greeks were fond of large formations of spearmen in their armies.
\par \tab The Franks be
gan producing what we know as the spear. These spears had long, leaf-shaped blades and two triangular "wings" set just below the head. These wings prevented the spear from penetrating too far into a victim (and consequently making it harder to pull out),
and enabled the spear carrier to parry more easily with his weapon.
\par \tab In the 14th century, spears used by horsemen evolved into the lance. Long spears in the 15th century developed into the pike.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Staff-Sling
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Also called the fustibalus, the staff-sling con
sists of a wooden rod, three to four feet in length, with a sling attached to one end. The rod is used to increase the range that a heavy object can be thrown by enabling the slinger to twirl the sling harder. It is not meant to increase the distance of t
he average sling bullet. In fact, it has poorer range for stones or bullets.
\par \tab An optional form of ammunition is the stinkpot, a clay vessel filled with burning sulfur or quicklime. This is considered a grenade-like weapon and is subject to the combat rules found in Chapter Nine of }{\i\fs24 The Player's Handbook}{\fs24
. For range, the stinkpot has a short range of 20 feet, medium range of 40 feet, and long range of 60 feet.
\par \tab When the stinkpot breaks, everyone in a 20-foot diameter circle who does not leave the area within on
e round must save vs. poison or be unable to attack or move at greater than half their movement rate. Those who save successfully attack at a -2 penalty due to nausea and watering eyes. The effects last as long as the subject remains in the area and for 1
d4 rounds thereafter.
\par \tab The stink cloud lasts for 1d3+1 rounds, then dissipates. Optionally, stinkpots in underground settings may give off clouds that last 1d6+1 rounds due to lack of open air.
\par \tab Due to the trajectory that a staff-sling gives a missile, it cannot fire at short-range targets. It has less range than a sling and is a slower weapon, but the staff-sling can hurl a heavier object.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Anyone who gets a staff-sling in the hope of seeing his sling bullet fly into the next kingdom is in for a rude sho
ck. The weapon is only good for hurling large loads a healthy distance. The stinkpot idea is perhaps the best way to get the most use out of the staff-sling. One thing's for sure, as much as halflings like slings, you'll rarely catch one using this thing!
''
\par -- Severian, Master Swordsman}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Stiletto}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Also known as a stylet, the stiletto is a short dagger with a strong, triangular or square-sectioned blade that tapers to a sharp point at the tip. The stiletto is designed for thrusting, in particular to pierce
armor such as leather or mail. Therefore, the stiletto gives the wielder a +2 bonus to attacks against plate mail, ring mail, chain mail, and all forms of leather armor. Most stilettos are made completely of steel.
\par \tab Most cities, except those involved in a war, prohibit the carrying of a stiletto since it is an easily concealed weapon.
\par \tab Stilettos are narrow enough to be concealed in sword canes or even in the handle of a large sword, such as the long, bastard, or two-handed swords.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Sword
\par
\par General Information}{
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24 History of the Sword}{\fs24
\par \tab The most common definition of a sword is an edged weapon with a long blade made for cutting blows, thrusts, or both.
\par \tab Swords first appeared in the prehistoric period when humans, who had been
using daggers of stone, began working with copper. The copper dagger could be fashioned with a long blade, and in the ensuing years, the blades got longer and longer. Eventually, the blade reached such a length that it could no longer be called a dagger.
\par \tab This new, improved weapon was superior to the dagger, which was quickly relegated to a secondary role in melee combat.
\par \tab Copper eventually gave way to bronze. Swords of varying lengths (what we now know as the long sword and short sword) came into being, with blades ranging from 27 to 35 inches.
\par \tab Sword design was influenced by the dagger. Since the dagger is a thrusting weapon, early swords were also designed for thrusting. Eventually, the need arose for a weapon capable of slashing blows, so swords develop
ed the double-edge, still retaining the sharp point.
\par \tab Sword handles went through their own stages of development. In southern Europe, sword handles were decorated with ivory, gold, and semi-precious stones, while in northern Europe, the handles were decorated with engravings.
\par \tab The discovery of iron revolutionized sword making. Bronze was rare, while iron was plentiful, though the latter was harder to work with. The change from bronze to iron was slow. For three centuries, both iron and bronze swords were in use.
\par \tab The Romans developed the gladius, a short sword, in order to have a weapon that their rigidly-trained troops could use with swiftness and precision.
\par \tab With iron proving itself superior to bronze, the latter was relegated for accessory parts, such as
the grip or the sheath. The Hallstatt culture developed longer sword blades (31-35 inches) as advances in ironworking enabled them to make lighter and stronger blades. These blades were so pliable that they could be twisted into a spiral for three or four
turns before breaking. This was known as "pattern welding." One drawback of this, however, was the fact that the blade could become misshapen when it struck something, often forcing the wielder to stop fighting and straighten out the blade with his foot o
r a rock! This was the type of sword that Gallic and Teutonic armies used against Roman legions, and is considered a long sword. Often, the craftsman making a sword placed a trademark identifying the maker.
\par \tab As swords evolved, a small oval plate was placed between the shoulder of the blade and the grip. This was designed to protect the grip against damage from the metal mouth of the sheath. It also protected the user's hand.
\par \tab Early stories of famous knights include lore about their swords, even mentioning the craftsmen who made the weapons. Siegfried had Balmus, Roland had Durandal, and Charlemagne had Joyeuse. King Arthur, of course, had Excalibur.
\par \tab In the Carolingian period, the sword's grip was altered, becoming more specialized and defined. The oval attac
hed to the grip was turned into a four-sided bar about four inches long. This became the guard. The wooden grip ended in a large pommel, which balanced the weapon. Such a sword measured about 40 inches in length.
\par \tab At the start of the Romanesque Period (11th-12th centuries), the sword's form remained the same, but the blade became broader. These swords are considered broad swords by some scholars.
\par \tab During this period, the sword was used primarily for slashing blows, as reflected in the Bayeux Tapestry, which shows armed men using swords in this manner.
\par \tab The Gothic period saw swords becoming more specialized, depending on the knight's intentions. The knight's sword was a thing of beauty and strength, and it is this sword that resembles the long sword of fantas
y. Knights usually owned several swords, each with its own use.
\par \tab In the 15th and 16th centuries, swords were given to common foot soldiers, and their designs changed accordingly. There were more ring-guards (to protect fingers), knuckle bows, and other such devices. The two-handed sword emerged from this era.
\par \tab During the 16th century, fighters began emphasizing sword thrusts, and blades changed to accommodate this. Elaborate basket hilts were perfected to give the hand better protection. This gave birth to swords such as the rapier.
\par \tab By the end of the 16th century, with guns rising in prominence, swords were increasingly relegated to duelling.
\par \tab The longsword is considered by some to be the principle weapon of nobility, the broad sword the typical weapon of the commoner, and the bastard and two-handed swords the specialized weapons of mercenaries.
\par \tab Eventually, the sword became a symbol of tradition, and is still worn on many military dress uniforms out of respect for that tradition.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Bastard Sword}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Also known as the hand-and-a-half sword, the bastard sword derives its name from the fact that it is halfway between the two-handed sword and the long sword.
\par \tab The bastard sword has a double-edged blade and a long grip, which can accommodate both hands if preferred. The overall length of the bastard sword ranges between four feet and four feet ten inches.
\par \tab Some bastard swords are equipped with knuckle guards, and others have asymmetrical pommels shaped like animal or bird heads.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "The bastard sword is an excellent, versatile edged weapon which can be used one-or two-handed. Using it two-handed gives a warrior better damage potential, but makes him unable
to use a shield. It is also a slower weapon. Using it one-handed allows the use of a shield, but causes less damage, comparable to that of a long sword.''
\par -- Lord Jon Ironedge, Ruler of Hawkhaven}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Broad sword}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab
The broad sword is a heavy military sword with a double-edged blade. Overall sword length is about three and one-half feet, and the sword is designed mostly for cutting. Most broad swords have a basket hilt or a shell guard. A favored cavalry weapon, the
b
road sword is known in different cultures by different names, usually dependant on the hilt configuration. The basket hilt broad swords offer a +1 bonus to Parry maneuvers. In addition, punching attacks done with the basket hilt are treated like a metal g
auntlet (see the }{\i\fs24 Player's Handbook}{\fs24 , Chapter 9).
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "The broad sword is as fast as a long sword and causes comparable damage to man-sized targets, but lacks the same ability against larger creatures. Its benefits in parrying and hand-to-hand combat are good,
but if an adventurer is more of the `forget finesse, let's just hack them to bits' school, a long sword or a bastard sword may be a better choice. Someone who likes showing off, such as a swashbuckler, would favor a broad sword.''
\par -- Rushlight of Tethys, Ranger}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Claymore}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The claymore is a large, cross-hilted sword consisting of a straight, broad, double-edged blade and long quillons angling toward the blade. The grip is leather-covered and topped with a wheel-shaped pommel. The sword is slightly shorter t
han the two-handed sword.
\par \tab Claymores are treated as bastard swords in terms of damage, weight, and weapon speed.
\par \tab Claymores are greatswords of Scottish origin, used by Highlanders and Scottish mercenaries in Ireland. The sword was popular from the end of the 15th century to the early 17th century. The term }{\i\fs24 claymore}{\fs24 is from the Gaelic }{\i\fs24
claidheamohmor}{\fs24 , meaning }{\i\fs24 great sword}{\fs24 .
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Cutlass}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The cutlass is a sword with a single-edged, curved, broad blade attached to a basket hilt. The blade is short and heavy. The swor
d is favored among pirate crews and is easily found in port communities, but is rare inland. Cutlass users enjoy the same advantages in Parrying as broad sword users.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Cutlasses cause damage compared to short swords, but are slower and heavier. A broad sword is a better weapon, since it gives the same Parry benefits and causes more damage.''
\par -- First Mate Arlundar, of the galleon}{\fs24 Angelwing
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Falchion}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The falchion is a sword with a single-edged, heavy blade. The blade's back is usually straight, while
the edge has a curve. The blade also broadens close to the tip, which gives the blade a cleaver-like appearance and increases the damage inflicted. The sword is heavy, which also contributes to a fearsome cutting blow.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Gladius}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The gladius is the first r
efined version of the short sword. It has a double-edged blade and a strengthened tip. The grip is made of wood, bone, or ivory and is topped with a round pommel. The sword is carried on a warrior's right side, slung from a baldric passing over the left s
houlder. In terms of damage and length, the gladius or drusus resembles the short sword.
\par \tab A drusus is a gladius of exceptional quality, and consequently has a series of special things associated with its care in order to maintain a sharp edge. The restrictions are listed in }{\i\fs24 The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24
(Equipment Chapter).
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Khopesh}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab This Egyptian weapon has approximately six inches of handle and quillons. The blade extends straight out about eighteen inches from the handle, then curves into a slight sickl
e shape for another two feet. In effect, this only adds another eighteen inches to the overall length. The entire sword is usually made of bronze or iron.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "The khopesh is a slow sword, heavy and unwieldy. Its damage is unremarkable as compared to other
swords, especially when one realizes the drawbacks that must be suffered when wielding the khopesh. All in all, it is a primitive weapon of a culture that has not grasped the finer techniques in sword-smithing.
\par \tab "Still, the weapon resembles a sickle in some ways and is usable by druids. This gives these nature priests a chance to wield a sword, yet stay within their weapon restrictions.''
\par -- Eibhelin Hathleah, Warrior/Priestess}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Long Sword}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab These swords are usually referred to as doubled-edged swords, war s
words, or military swords. In many cases, the long sword has a single-edged blade. There is no single version of the long sword; the design and length vary from culture to culture, and may vary within the same culture depending on the era.
\par \tab Among the most common characteristics of all long swords is their length, which ranges from 35 inches to 47 inches. In the latter case, the blade is known to take up 40 inches of the total length.
\par \tab Most long swords have a double-edged blade and a sharp point at the tip. Despite the tip, the long sword is designed for slashing, not thrusting.
\par \tab Often, long swords have two grooves that run the length of the blade, one on each surface. These grooves are called fullers, and are meant to make the sword lighter and more flexible
. If a sword did not have some elasticity, it would shatter when it hit a target.
\par \tab The handles of all long swords fit only one human-sized hand. Most long swords have a small, oval, metal plate between the blade's base and the grip. This oval protects the
grip from getting damaged against the metal in the mouth of the sheath. It also offers some modest protection to the hand. A second piece of metal, either oval or round, is fitted onto the pommel.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Ah, the long sword! A warrior's best friend! It is with
out a doubt the most common melee weapon among skilled adventurers, and rightly so. It inflicts a respectable amount of damage to both man-sized and large opponents, is fairly fast for its size, and is relatively light.
\par \tab "Elves favor long swords, and most
are trained from childhood in their use. One guess as to the reason for this is the fact that the sword is light and quick and can cause a lot of damage when in battle, much like the elves themselves. That's only a guess, of course, and the truth may neve
r be known, at least if I have anything to say about it.''
\par -- Lord Noro Goldentree, High Elf}{\fs24
\par
\par The classic long sword depicted in fantasy gets its design from the Gothic period. This is the longest variety of long sword, with a 40-inch blade.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Rapier}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The rapier is a light weapon with a straight, double-edged, pointed blade. It is designed to be a light, thrusting sword. The term }{\i\fs24 rapier}{\fs24
is often used to describe a civilian weapon, as opposed to the heavier and deadlier swords of soldiers and mercenaries. Rapiers are fashionable among nobles and gentlemen.
\par \tab As a new art of fighting evolved with emphasis on thrusting with the blade as opposed to slashing, a new weapon was required. This art is known as fencing, and it requires a rapier. As the sport grew i
n popularity, the rapier was required to be narrower and lighter. It became not a slashing weapon at all, but a weapon purely for thrusting.
\par \tab The early rapier handles have straight quillons (cross guards), side guards, and knuckle bows. The later versions
have shell guards, similar to the basket hilts of the broad sword and cutlass. As a result, the rapier wielder enjoys the same Parry and punching bonuses outlined earlier.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "The rapier isn't as fast as the short sword, but it does a slight bit more damage. The rapier is a good dueling weapon, and is popular with rich young nobles and swashbucklers.''
\par -- Rollo, Aspiring Swashbuckler}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Sabre/Scimitar}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab Alternatively spelled }{\i\fs24 saber}{\fs24 , this sword is a long, curved, single-edged blade intended mostly for horsemen.
It is a popular weapon for light cavalry. The sabre's hilt grants the user the Parry and punching bonuses of the rapier.
\par \tab Members of the foul race of yuan-ti often use scimitars.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "Another curved, single-edged blade? Well, the sabre is a bit different since it's meant to be a slashing weapon instead of a thruster like the rapier. Both swords cause the same amount of damage and are equally as fast.
\par \tab "As for the scimitar, it is merely another form of sabre, but with heavier Oriental influences. It causes slightly better damage than the sabre, and is just a bit slower. Druids favor scimitars.''
\par -- Gwynne Arendahl, Fighter}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The sabre was initially developed in Central Asia, used by tribes that wandered the steppes. By the 9th century, the Slavs, who battled the Asians, had adopted the weapon. The term }{\i\fs24 sabre}{\fs24 is Slavic-Hungarian.
\par \tab Sabres were used extensively in central and eastern Europe and by the Turks.
\par \tab The Persian style of the sabre was discovered by Napoleon's troops. This version was known as the shamshir, which is commonly called the scimitar. This blade has a greater curve to it and is tapered to an elongated, sharp point.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Short Sword}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The short sword is the first type of sword to come into existence. In the simplest of terms, a short sword can be considered a dagger with a blade so long that it can no longer be called a dagger. The term }{\i\fs24 short sword}{\fs24
does not exist in sword classifications. However, it has come to be used to describe a double-edged blade about two feet in length. The sword tip is usually pointed, ideal for thrusting.
\par \tab Short swords are fitted with a handle that can accommodate only one hand.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "The short sword is a good weapon for archers, crossbowmen, and other warriors whose primary weapon is not a sword, but who see the ne
cessity for having an edged weapon that causes respectable damage. The small size and lightness of the sword makes it an ideal weapon to carry without the warrior worrying about getting encumbered with too much weight. Short swords are quick weapons, almo
st as fast as daggers, and causing more damage. A short sword with even a minor enchantment becomes an extremely valuable weapon.
\par \tab "Halflings, gnomes, and dwarves are known to favor short swords, since the weapon's length is compatible with their stature.
\par \tab
"Elves are trained in use of the short sword. It is a common elven weapon for two reasons: the elves favor the swiftness and lightness of the weapon, and, since many elves are archers, the short sword becomes a good fallback weapon should the enemy close
ranks into melee range.
\par \tab "The short sword is often seen on the belts of the average man, or at least the average man who can afford one and knows how to use it! It is a good weapon to have in a city, provided one follows any local rules for securing the wea
pon. A short sword enables a man to discreetly wear a sword in the city, not calling as much attention to himself as he would if he wore a bastard sword or two-handed sword strapped to his back!''
\par -- Cendril, Elf Warrior-Mage}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The short sword is a descendant of the Roman gladius. In essence, it is a gladius made by improved metalworking techniques.
\par \tab The Germans developed the }{\i\fs24 baselard}{\fs24 short sword, common in the 16th century, while the Italians had the }{\i\fs24 cinquedea}{\fs24 , a short sword with a blade that was broader a
t the base. Both versions of short sword were popular with civilians, not professional soldiers or knights.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Two-Handed Sword}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The two-handed sword is a derivative of the long sword. Weaponsmiths have always looked for ways to improve existing weapons. In
an effort to improve the long sword, the blade was lengthened (having a longer reach than one's enemy is always preferable). Eventually, the handle had to be extended and two hands became necessary in order to properly swing the sword. The primary functio
n of two-handed swords is cleaving mounted knights and breaking up pike formations.
\par \tab The blade on the two-handed sword is a long, double-edged blade. The blade point may be sharp or rounded. The hilt has straight or slightly curved quillons. The pommel may
be faceted, triangular, or pear shaped, though whatever the shape, it tends to get larger toward the top, as a counterbalancing measure.
\par \tab As its name implies, this sword is a two-handed weapon and cannot be used in one hand, even if the wielder has high Strength. The weapon and its hilt are balanced for two-handed use. A fighter wielding a two-handed sword cannot use a shield.
\par \tab An average two-handed sword measures five to six feet in length. It is a favored weapon among foot soldiers.
\par \tab The astral race known as the Githyanki favor two-handed swords. These weapons tend to be decorated with gems, beads, and precious metals.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "This is the sort of weapon that makes a statement to all who see the wielder, and the statement is}{\fs24 beware. }{\i\fs24 The two-handed sword is corr
ectly associated with lots of damage. In fact, wearing such a sword slung across your back may make the impression that the wielder is not so much interested in saving his own neck (since he cannot use a shield and is consequently easier to hit) as he is
in relieving an enemy of his head.
\par \tab "This sword is slow and heavy, but then again, it needs to have great mass in order to cause the damage that it does. Warriors who carry a two-handed sword usually don't carry any other large or medium-sized weapon. At be
st, a dagger is carried as a backup weapon of desperation.
\par \tab "Despite the impressive features of the two-handed sword, a bastard sword is a better weapon. First of all, the bastard sword gives the warrior the choice of using it one- or two-handed, thus enabling him to use a shield.
\par \tab "Furthermore, the bastard sword is faster. The two-hander does a bit more damage than the bastard sword wielded two-handed, but the difference is insignificant. Still, when it comes to hitting those extra large beasties such as d
ragons, a two-handed sword comes in mighty handy.''
\par -- Finnegan Bospur, Paladin}{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The two-handed sword was a weapon of 13th century Teutonic origin. It was extensively used by German and Italian foot soldiers from the mid-15th to the late 16th century. In
later years, the two-handed sword became largely a ceremonial or processional weapon, usually heavily decorated.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Trident}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A trident is a long pole measuring four to eight feet with a metal, triple-bladed fork on one end. It is
not used as a weapon by professional armies, but has seen some limited use from peasant guerrillas. The trident is normally a tool used for fishing, with some limited uses as an agricultural or hunting tool. It is a two-handed weapon.
\par \tab Several aquatic races, such as locathah, mermen, sahuagin, and tritons, use tridents. They realize the versatility of the trident, since it is effective as both a fishing tool and a weapon.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 War Hammer}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Mounted knights cannot effectively use long pole weapons while on horse
back, and as a result, many weapons have been fitted with shorter shafts so they may be wielded with just one hand. Maces and flails are two previous examples of this--the war hammer is another.
\par \tab The horseman's war hammer is the descendent of the Lucerne h
ammer. It is made entirely of steel, with rondels protecting and strengthening the grip. Rondels are small disks of metal, often shaped into decorative designs. The shaft is about 18 inches long.
\par \tab Dwarves favor war hammers as a primary weapon. It is guesse
d that, given the dwarves' skill in using the hammer for non-combative purposes, they naturally developed the skill for using it as a weapon of war. The war hammer personifies the dwarven race: short, tough, and blunt.
\par \tab Some war hammers are fitted with a spike at the top. This can be used as a thrusting weapon and causes 1d3 points of damage.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "A war hammer is a good secondary melee weapon. It causes a little more damage than a dagger and can be thrown just as far. The weapon is terrific against skeletons
, better than edged weapons. In a pinch, the war hammer can also be a tool for things like hammering in spikes. A lot of clerics who can't use edged weapons have found the hammer an acceptable alternative.''
\par -- Pandar Goldsmith, Dwarven Warrior}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Whip}{
\par }{\fs24 \tab The
whip or bull whip is a long, heavy, plaited lash usually made of leather or rawhide (untanned hide). The braided leather is thicker toward the handle, narrowing to a slender cord at the end. Some handles are wooden rods attached to the lash, while others
are part of the same piece of rawhide. The whip's length varies from 15 to 25 feet. A whip is carried coiled and attached to the user's belt.
\par \tab Common uses for the whip include leading herd animals and as a tool for punishment.
\par \tab If a character wishes to knock a weapon out of an opponent's hand, this may be attempted with a whip using a Called Shot with intent to disarm. The attacker gets a -4 penalty on his attack roll. Further details are found in }{\i\fs24
The Complete Fighter's Handbook}{\fs24 in the Combat chapter.
\par \tab A cha
racter proficient with the whip can entangle an opponent's limbs or weapon. Before rolling the attack die, the user declares whether or not he intends to entangle. If a hit is scored, some sort of entanglement occurs. If wielded by a non-proficient user,
t
he chance to entangle is only 5%. If wielded by someone proficient, there is a 5% chance per level that entanglement occurs (to a maximum of 95%). Percentile dice are rolled to determine the exact effect. The entanglement chances are 50% (01-50 on 1d100)
for one limb, 10% (51-60) for two limbs, 20% (61-80) for the weapon arm and the weapon, and 20% (81-00) for the head.
\par \tab Hobgoblins are known to carry whips, but this is probably more for keeping prisoners and slaves in line than as a combat weapon. Still, a hobgoblin wielding a whip should be presumed to be skilled at it, and able to make the special attacks with it.
\par }{\i\fs24 \tab
\par \tab "The whip is another example of something designed for one purpose that gets used for another, much like a pitchfork, pruning hook, or harpoo
n. As a weapon, the whip is unimpressive if you're talking about raw damage. The whip is great for Called Shots and such, but try using a whip on a troll, and all you'll get is one slightly stung, very mad troll.
\par \tab "The same holds true for armored targets. A whip is designed for hitting bare skin. Any sort of armor, including leather and padded, will help protect the wearer from the whip's sting.
\par \tab "No, if someone is looking for a weapon that causes damage and is a good parrying tool, the whip is not it. If y
ou enjoy fancy maneuvers and bizarre trick shots, then the whip is the right thing. The whip is better suited for the city environment, where there are more humans, demi-humans, and other such races which fear the lash, as opposed to the wilderness, where
myriad monsters abound who do not shrink from a little pain.
\par \tab "A whip is a slow weapon. Someone using a whip must have at least 10 feet between himself and the enemy, since a whip will not work too well in close quarters.
\par \tab "A whip is great for a fighter who wants to disarm an opponent, snare a victim, or even wrap the whip around a beam and use it to swing over a chasm.''
\par -- Gorin Grimblade, Veteran Warrior}{\fs24
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 TABLE 6: Master Weapons Chart
\par }{
\par }\pard\plain \s4\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx187\tx2246\tx3240\tx3960\tx4752\tx5616\tx6480\tx7200\outlinelevel3\adjustright \b\fs20 {\tab \tab \tab Weight\tab \tab \tab Speed\tab Damage
\par }\pard\plain \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx187\tx2246\tx3240\tx3960\tx4752\tx5616\tx6480\tx7200\adjustright \fs20 {\b Item\tab Cost\tab (lbs)\tab Size\tab Type\tab Factor\tab S-M\tab L
\par }{Arquebus***\tab 500 gp\tab 10\tab M\tab P\tab 15\tab 1d10\tab 1d10
\par Battle Axe\tab 5 gp\tab 7\tab M\tab S\tab 7\tab 1d8\tab 1d8
\par Belaying pin\tab 2 cp\tab 2\tab S\tab B\tab 4\tab 1d3\tab 1d3
\par Blowgun\tab 5 gp\tab 2\tab L\tab --\tab 5\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Barbed Dart\tab 1 sp\tab \'87\tab S\tab P\tab --\tab 1d3\tab 1d2
\par \tab Needle\tab 2 cp\tab \'87\tab S\tab P\tab --\tab 1\tab 1
\par Bolas\tab 5 sp\tab 2\tab M\tab B\tab 8\tab 1d3\tab 1d2
\par Bow\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Composite long bow\tab 100 gp\tab 3\tab L\tab --\tab 7\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Composite short bow\tab 75 gp\tab 2\tab M\tab --\tab 6\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Flight arrow\tab 3 sp/12\tab \'87\tab M\tab P\tab --\tab 1d6\tab 1d6
\par \tab Long bow\tab 75 gp\tab 3\tab L\tab --\tab 8\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Sheaf arrow\tab 3 sp/6\tab \'87\tab M\tab P\tab --\tab 1d8\tab 1d8
\par \tab Stone arrow, flight\tab 3 cp/12\tab 1/10\tab M\tab P\tab --\tab 1d4\tab 1d4
\par \tab Short bow\tab 30 gp\tab 2\tab M\tab --\tab 7\tab --\tab --
\par Caltrop\tab 2 sp\tab 2/10\tab S\tab P\tab n/a\tab 1\tab 1d2
\par Cestus\tab 1 gp\tab 2\tab S\tab S\tab 2\tab 1d4\tab 1d3
\par Chain\tab 5 sp\tab 3\tab L\tab B\tab 5\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d4
\par Club\tab --\tab 3\tab M\tab B\tab 4\tab 1d6\tab 1d3
\par Crossbow\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Hand quarrel\tab 1 gp\tab \'87\tab S\tab P\tab --\tab 1d3\tab 1d2
\par \tab Hand crossbow\tab 300 gp\tab 3\tab S\tab --\tab 5\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Heavy quarrel\tab 2 sp\tab \'87\tab S\tab P\tab --\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d6+1
\par \tab Heavy crossbow\tab 50 gp\tab 14\tab M\tab --\tab 10\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Light quarrel\tab 1 sp\tab \'87\tab M\tab P\tab --\tab 1d4\tab 1d4
\par \tab Light crossbow\tab 35 gp\tab 7\tab S\tab --\tab 7\tab --\tab --
\par }\pard \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx187\tx2250\tx3240\tx3960\tx4752\tx5616\tx6480\tx7200\adjustright {Dagger or dirk\tab 2 gp\tab 1\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d4\tab 1d3
\par }\pard \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx187\tx2246\tx3240\tx3960\tx4752\tx5616\tx6480\tx7200\adjustright {\tab Bone dagger\tab 1 sp\tab 1\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d2\tab 1d2
\par \tab Parrying dagger\tab 5 gp\tab 1\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d3\tab 1d3
\par \tab Stone dagger\tab 2 sp\tab 1\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d3\tab 1d2
\par Dart\tab 5 sp\tab 1/2\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d3\tab 1d2
\par Flail, Footman's\tab 15 gp\tab 15\tab M\tab B\tab 7\tab 1d6+1\tab 2d4
\par Flail, Horseman's\tab 8 gp\tab 5\tab M\tab B\tab 6\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d4+1
\par Gaff/Hook\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Attached\tab 2 gp\tab 2\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d4\tab 1d3
\par \tab Held\tab 5 cp\tab 2\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d4\tab 1d3
\par Hand/Throwing axe\tab 1 gp\tab 5\tab M\tab S\tab 4\tab 1d6\tab 1d4
\par Harpoon\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 20 gp\tab 6\tab L\tab P\tab 7\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d6+1
\par \tab Two-handed\tab 20 gp\tab 6\tab L\tab P\tab 7\tab 2d4\tab 2d6
\par Javelin\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 5 sp\tab 2\tab L\tab P\tab 4\tab 1d4\tab 1d4
\par \tab Two-handed\tab 5 sp\tab 2\tab L\tab P\tab 4\tab 1d6\tab 1d6
\par Javelin, Stone\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 5 cp\tab 2\tab M\tab P\tab 4\tab 1d4\tab 1d4
\par \tab Two-handed\tab 5 cp\tab 2\tab M\tab P\tab 4\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d6
\par Knife\tab 5 sp\tab 1/2\tab S\tab P/S\tab 2\tab 1d3\tab 1d2
\par }\pard \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx187\tx2250\tx3240\tx3960\tx4770\tx5580\tx6480\tx7200\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {\tab Bone knife\tab 3 cp\tab 1/2\tab S\tab P/S\tab 2\tab 1d2\tab 1d2
\par \tab Stone knife\tab 5 cp\tab 1/2\tab S\tab P/S\tab 2\tab 1d2\tab 1d2
\par Lance @\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Heavy horse lance\tab 15 gp\tab 15\tab L\tab P\tab 8\tab 1d8+1\tab 3d6
\par \tab Jousting lance\tab 20 gp\tab 20\tab L\tab P\tab 10\tab 1d3-1\tab 1d2-1
\par \tab Light horse lance\tab 6 gp\tab 5\tab L\tab P\tab 6\tab 1d6\tab 1d8
\par \tab Medium horse lance\tab 10 gp\tab 10\tab L\tab P\tab 7\tab 1d6+1\tab 2d6
\par Lasso\tab 5 sp\tab 3\tab L\tab \tab --\tab 10\tab --
\par Main-Gauche\tab 3 gp\tab 2\tab S\tab P/S\tab 2\tab 1d4\tab 1d3
\par Mancatcher **\tab 30 gp\tab 8\tab L\tab --\tab 7\tab --\tab --
\par Morning star\tab 10 gp\tab 12\tab M\tab P/B\tab 7\tab 2d4\tab 1d6+1
\par Net\tab 5 gp\tab 10\tab M\tab --\tab 10\tab --\tab --
\par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx192\tx2160\tx2964\tx3588\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {
\par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx192\tx1440\tx2160\tx2964\tx3588\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {
\par }\pard \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx187\tx2232\tx3240\tx3960\tx4752\tx5616\tx6480\tx7200\adjustright {\b \tab \tab \tab Weight\tab \tab Speed\tab \tab Damage
\par Item\tab Cost\tab (lbs)\tab Size\tab Type\tab Factor\tab S-M\tab L
\par }{Polearm\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Awl pike #\tab 5 gp\tab 12\tab L\tab P\tab 13\tab 1d6\tab 1d12
\par \tab Bardiche\tab 7 gp\tab 12\tab L\tab S\tab 9\tab 2d4\tab 2d6
\par \tab Bec de corbin\tab 8 gp\tab 10\tab L\tab P/B\tab 9\tab 1d8\tab 1d6
\par \tab Bill-guisarme\tab 7 gp\tab 15\tab L\tab P/S\tab 10\tab 2d4\tab 1d10
\par \tab Fauchard\tab 5 gp\tab 7\tab L\tab P/S\tab 8\tab 1d6\tab 1d8
\par \tab Fauchard-fork\tab 8 gp\tab 9\tab L\tab P/S\tab 8\tab 1d8\tab 1d10
\par \tab Glaive *\tab 6 gp\tab 8\tab L\tab S\tab 8\tab 1d6\tab 1d10
\par \tab Glaive-guisarme*\tab 10 gp\tab 10\tab L\tab P/S\tab 9\tab 2d4\tab 2d6
\par \tab Guisarme\tab 5 gp\tab 8\tab L\tab S\tab 8\tab 2d4\tab 1d8
\par \tab Guisarme-voulge\tab 8 gp\tab 15\tab L\tab P/S\tab 10\tab 2d4\tab 2d4
\par \tab Halberd\tab 10 gp\tab 15\tab L\tab P/S\tab 9\tab 1d10\tab 2d6
\par \tab Hook fauchard\tab 10 gp\tab 8\tab L\tab P/S\tab 9\tab 1d4\tab 1d4
\par \tab Lucern hammer #\tab 7 gp\tab 15\tab L\tab P/B\tab 9\tab 2d4\tab 1d6
\par \tab Military fork *\tab 5 gp\tab 7\tab L\tab P\tab 7\tab 1d8\tab 2d4
\par \tab Partisan #\tab 10 gp\tab 8\tab L\tab P\tab 9\tab 1d6\tab 1d6+1
\par \tab Ranseur #\tab 6 gp\tab 7\tab L\tab P\tab 8\tab 2d4\tab 2d4
\par \tab Spetum #\tab 5 gp\tab 7\tab L\tab P\tab 8\tab 1d6+1\tab 2d6
\par \tab Voulge #\tab 5 gp\tab 12\tab L\tab S\tab 10\tab 2d4\tab 2d4
\par Quarterstaff\tab --\tab 4\tab L\tab B\tab 4\tab 1d6\tab 1d6
\par Sap\tab 1 gp\tab 1/10\tab S\tab B\tab 2\tab 1d2\tab 1d2
\par Scourge\tab 1 gp\tab 2\tab S\tab --\tab 5\tab 1d4\tab 1d2
\par Sickle\tab 6 sp\tab 3\tab S\tab S\tab 4\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d4
\par Sling\tab 5 cp\tab \'87\tab S\tab --\tab 6\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Sling bullet\tab 1 cp\tab 1/2\tab S\tab B\tab --\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d6+1
\par \tab Sling stone\tab --\tab 1/2\tab S\tab B\tab --\tab 1d4\tab 1d4
\par Spear\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 8 sp\tab 5\tab M\tab P\tab 6\tab 1d6\tab 1d8
\par \tab Two-handed\tab 8 sp\tab 5\tab M\tab P\tab 6\tab 1d8+1\tab 2d6
\par Spear, long\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 5 gp\tab 8\tab L\tab P\tab 8\tab 1d8\tab 1d8+1
\par \tab Two-handed #\tab 5 gp\tab 8\tab L\tab P\tab 8\tab 2d6\tab 3d6
\par Spear, stone\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 8 cp\tab 5\tab M\tab P\tab 6\tab 1d4\tab 1d6
\par \tab Two-handed\tab 8 cp\tab 5\tab M\tab P\tab 6\tab 1d6\tab 2d4
\par Staff sling\tab 2 sp\tab 2\tab M\tab --\tab 11\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Stinkpot\tab 1 sp\tab 2\tab S\tab B\tab --\tab 1d3\tab 1d3
\par Stiletto\tab 5 sp\tab 1/2\tab S\tab P\tab 2\tab 1d3\tab 1d2
\par Sword\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab Bastard sword\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 25 gp\tab 10\tab M\tab S\tab 6\tab 1d8\tab 1d12
\par \tab Two-handed\tab 25 gp\tab 10\tab M\tab S\tab 8\tab 2d4\tab 2d8
\par \tab Broad sword\tab 10 gp\tab 4\tab M\tab S\tab 5\tab 2d4\tab 1d6+1
\par \tab Claymore\tab 25 gp\tab 10\tab M\tab S\tab 8\tab 2d4\tab 2d8
\par \tab Cutlass\tab 12 gp\tab 4\tab M\tab S\tab 5\tab 1d6\tab 1d8
\par \tab Drusus\tab 50 gp\tab 3\tab M\tab S\tab 3\tab 1d6+1\tab 1d8+1
\par \tab Falchion\tab 17 gp\tab 8\tab M\tab S\tab 5\tab 1d6+1\tab 2d4
\par \tab Khopesh\tab 10 gp\tab 7\tab M\tab S\tab 9\tab 2d4\tab 1d6
\par \tab Long sword\tab 15 gp\tab 4\tab M\tab S\tab 5\tab 1d8\tab 1d12
\par \tab Rapier\tab 15 gp\tab 4\tab M\tab P\tab 4\tab 1d6+1\tab 1d8+1
\par \tab Sabre\tab 17 gp\tab 5\tab M\tab S\tab 4\tab 1d6+1\tab 1d8+1
\par \tab Scimitar\tab 15 gp\tab 4\tab M\tab S\tab 5\tab 1d8\tab 1d8
\par \tab Short sword\tab 10 gp\tab 3\tab M\tab P\tab 3\tab 1d6\tab 1d8
\par \tab Two-handed sword\tab 50 gp\tab 15\tab L\tab S\tab 10\tab 1d10\tab 3d6
\par Trident\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --\tab --
\par \tab One-handed\tab 15 gp\tab 5\tab L\tab P\tab 7\tab 1d6+1\tab 3d4
\par \tab Two-handed\tab 15 gp\tab 5\tab L\tab P\tab 7\tab 1d8+1\tab 3d4
\par War hammer\tab 2 gp\tab 6\tab M\tab B\tab 4\tab 1d4+1\tab 1d4
\par Whip\tab 1 sp\tab 2\tab M\tab --\tab 8\tab 1d2\tab 1
\par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx1440\tx2160\tx2964\tx3588\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {
\par
\par * This weapon inflicts double damage against charging creatures of L or greater size.
\par ** This weapon can dismount a rider on a successful hit.
\par *** This weapon available only if allowed by the DM.
\par @ This weapon inflicts double damage when used from the back of a charging mount.
\par # This weapon inflicts double damage when firmly set to receive a charge.
\par \'87 These items weigh little individually. Ten of these weigh one pound.
\par
\par
\par }{\fs44\cf9 Chapter 4
\par
\par Adventurer's Equipment
\par }{\fs24
\par
\par \tab The following section includes information about the general equipment used by adventurers. In addition to armor and weapons, a character also needs equipment to fight the elements and rugged terrain that he will encounter on his journeys.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Backpacks}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Adventurers' backpacks come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and materials. The least expensive variety is a simple canvas sack equipped with shoulder straps. These may be purchased or constructed by the adventurer.
\par \tab A backpack may also be a woven basket with a woven or wooden lid. This is carried on the back by means of shoulder straps. They are durable, but cumbersome due to their rigid form.
\par \tab The preferred style of backpack is a leather bag equipped with multiple pockets and slung over the shoulders w
ith padded shoulderstraps. Some types of leather may be waterproofed. Such a bag has a leather flap that is secured with one or more buckles. If the bag is loaded properly and secured correctly, the contents will not spill even if the adventurer is suspen
ded upside down.
\par \tab Experienced tailors or leatherworkers may be commissioned to construct special backpacks. This may include special pockets to hold commonly used items or a special padded section of pockets to hold valuable breakables such as potions. Cost
of such bags is generally double that of the deluxe backpack.
\par }\pard \keep\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx720\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright {\fs24 Cost:\tab Sack 4 sp
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx720\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel1\adjustright {\tab Basket 5 sp
\par \tab Deluxe Leather 2 gp
\par }\pard\plain \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx468\tx1440\tx2160\tx2964\tx3588\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Block & Tackle}{
\par
\par }{\fs24 \tab
A block and tackle is a set of ropes and pulleys that increases the ability to lift heavy objects. When a rope is passed through the multiple wheels of the blocks, it allows characters of any degree of strength to pull heavy objects (more than their norma
l strengths would allow).
\par \tab A block and tackle has limited use and normally can be used only to lift objects vertically. In addition, the block and tackle must be able to be securely suspended above the object and have enough room for the adventurers to work.
\par \tab A block and tackle may be considered to add a +4 bonus to any one character's Strength, for purposes of lifting, to a maximum of 19. If a number of persons work together, a bonus of +2 is added to the Strength score of each participant.
\par \tab Block and tackl
es vary in weight depending on the load they can support. A block and tackle suitable for lifting objects of less than 200 pounds weighs 10 pounds; a set capable of lifting 1,000 pounds weighs 50 pounds; and a set suitable for lifting up to 5,000 pounds w
eighs 200 pounds.
\par \tab A block and tackle comes equipped with a series of square wooden blocks with greased internal wheels, straps and harnesses to attach the blocks to a wall, tree limb, or other attachments, and 50 feet of rope appropriate to the set (depend
ing on the weight of the block and tackle, the rope may be light, heavy, or chain).
\par Cost: 8 gp (light), 15 gp (Medium), 25 gp (Heavy)
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Crampons}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Crampons are sold in pairs to be attached to hard boots by several leather straps. Crampons are spiked and gna
rled bands of steel that increase the traction of smooth-soled boots. They can be used to scale rocky cliffs or cross icy plains. When worn, crampons increase Climbing ability by +15% or Mountaineering proficiency by +1. Crampons can also be used as a wea
p
on. If a victim is prone, stomping on the victim while wearing a pair of crampons inflicts 1d2 points of damage per 100 pounds of weight of the character. If the victim is in melee, a successful attack roll must be made. Success causes 1 point of damage (
only one foot can thrust). If an attack roll indicates a miss, the wearer must make a successful Dexterity check to avoid falling. Using crampons in this way ruins them in a 1d10 rounds of active use.
\par Cost: 4 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Clawed Gloves and Shoes}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Similar to crampons, claws give climbers and mountaineers greater ability to cling to handholds and ledges. Both types are held on with leather straps and add a +5% to Climbing and a +1 to Mountaineering.
\par Cost: Gloves 3 gp, Shoes 5 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Flint and Steel}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab More than the name s
uggests, flint and steel may include a number of items. The equipment is carried in a small leather pouch, often waterproofed, and includes a large piece of flint, several coarse steel bars, tinder, and scraps of charred cloth. With such tools, a characte
r can start a small smoldering flame in 1d6 rounds (longer in windy conditions or if the kindling is wet).
\par \tab Starting a fire with flint and steel requires practice, but is not difficult. A wad of tinder (frayed cedar bark, thistledown, or dried grass) is pla
ced in a dirt depression. A scrap of charred cloth (a one-inch square is sufficient) is placed on the tinder. The flint is struck against the steel, knocking sparks off the metal. The carbon content of the charred fabric is highly ignitable and lights qui
ckly when touched by a spark. This, in turn, lights the tinder and the fire may gradually be fed with larger bits of wood.
\par Cost: 5 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Grappling Hook
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab
A grappling hook is used to secure a rope for climbing. A grappling hook is normally made of two, three, or as many as four cast iron bent bars welded or fused together. Deluxe grappling hooks are sometimes available with folding hooks; thus, they can be
folded flat for easy carrying. Such a hook costs approximately twice the price of an ordinary hook.
\par \tab The grappling hook can be thrown easily into a tree, roof ledge, or rocky crevice. In determining whether a grappling hook catches in the target object, a n
ormal attack roll is made vs. AC 10. One round is required to throw the hook; another round is required to retrieve it.
\par \tab In an emergency, the DM might allow clever adventurers to fashion a makeshift grappling hook from a rope and a wooden slat or metal rod. This may be used as a normal grappling hook.
\par Cost: 8 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Healer's Bag}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab This bag may come in any shape or size, but is usually made of leather or heavy canvas. It is used primarily by characters who have the Healing Proficiency. A healer's bag allows suc
h a character a +1 bonus to his chance to successfully heal a victim.
\par \tab A healer's bag may be purchased new, complete with all supplies, or may be assembled by a healer. A complete bag includes 30 rolled bandages of varying size, 20 feet of rolled gauze, a
tiny metal mixing bowl, a ceramic mortar and pestle, and ten jars of various herbs that can be crushed and mixed with water to form a paste to be applied to wounds. The kit also includes three curved needles (often made of gold to prevent rust) and a spoo
l of white or black silk thread (50 feet) to be used to stitch gaping wounds. Some kits may include several ceramic vials to be filled with clean water.
\par Cost: 6 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Housebreaker Harness or Spider}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab This leather halter is essential for any thief. The harness
, sometimes referred to as a spider, is an assortment of straps that are hooked around the thighs and over the shoulders. A broad leather strap is secured around the waist. Attached to the belts are small hooks, safety clips, and adjustable clamps. From t
hese various clips, the thief can hang small tools or attach ropes or tether lines. Using this harness can prevent a thief from falling, secure him to a wall, or free his hands to use his picks.
\par \tab One possible drawback to such a harness is the jangling noise
it may make. If a thief spends two rounds securing all clips and removing any unused clips, he operates under his normal chance to move silently. If such precautions are not taken, the thief's chance to move silently is penalized 15%.
\par Cost: 8 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Lantern}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab An adventurer's lantern is similar to a common lantern, but is usually made of more rugged material. Adventurer's lanterns rarely have a glass plume or tower. In general, lanterns come in three varieties, as described below.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Beacon Lantern:}{\fs24 A beacon is
more than a simple lantern. The light source weighs as much as 50 pounds and is normally found in a light house or mounted on a ship rather than with a group of adventurers. A beacon provides a focused beam of light reaching 240 feet, with an additional 1
20 feet of semi-darkness (a total of 360 feet of light). A beacon is fueled by lantern oil which lasts 2 hours per pint.
\par Cost: 150 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Bullseye Lantern:}{\fs24 A bullseye lantern is an easily portable light source, similar in design to the beacon lantern. It has a
metal housing with a panel of glass to keep wind away from the flame. The metal is usually polished on the inside to reflect light outward. A trap door or shutter can be set in place over the glass to block out the light.\tab
Even when the shutter is closed,
some light still escapes from the lantern. Closing off every crack in the lantern's assembly would quickly extinguish the flame. Such lanterns are often equipped with adjustable vents to regulate airflow. Adventurers must remember that even if the shutter
is closed, the lantern will shed enough light to give away their position in a dark dungeon.
\par \tab This lantern projects light in a funnelled path. A bullseye lantern's light reaches 60 feet, with an additional 20 feet of semi-darkness. A bullseye lantern burns six hours per pint of oil.
\par Cost: 12 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Hooded Lantern:}{\fs24 A hooded lantern projects light in 360 degrees and is capped overhead to limit the radiation of heat. This allows it to be carried with a handle located at the top of the lantern.
\par \tab Hooded lanterns generally have a metal reservoir for the oil and a metal cap. Between the two is a cylinder of t
hick glass that allows light to escape. Some models have metal spines between panes of glass or a metal assembly with disks of thick glass set in. The latter type is the most durable.
\par \tab Few hooded lanterns can be covered to restrict light, but the DM may allow such lanterns to restrict light to a few feet.
\par \tab This lantern projects light 30 feet in all directions and burns six hours per pint of oil supplied.
\par Cost: 7 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Locks}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Locks are available for a variety of purposes. These range from simple padlocks suit
able for securing a small chest to elaborate inset door locks for houses and mansions. Simple locks are usually made of iron, steel, or bronze and have a simple mechanism that opens with one key. Elaborate locks may be made of gold, silver, or other preci
ous metals. They may have a hidden keyhole or multiple keys.
\par \tab Inset locks are usually commissioned to fit a specific door. Padlocks may be available for ready sale from a locksmith or sometimes a blacksmith. Single key locks are most common; double key locks are available from perhaps 20% of locksmiths.
\par Cost: Good - 100 gp, Poor - 20 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Provisions}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Dry provisions generally consist of a few basic foodstuffs. In general, rations include a hard biscuit called hardtack, made of ground wheat and water, and beef
or buffalo jerky or dried fish. Dried fruits such as apples, apricots, cherries, and raisins may also be included in dry rations.
\par \tab Many hard cheeses can survive several days or weeks on the trail. Cheese, however, is not part of standard rations and must be acquired in addition to the standard package.
\par \tab Rations are not meant as a substitute for meals for any length of time. Foraged herbs, greens, berries, and vegetables are necessary to maintain good health. Without such supplements, various nutritional di
seases may set in. The disease most likely to plague adventurers is scurvy. This can be avoided by the inclusion of fruits, especially citrus, and onions.
\par \tab Both beef jerky and hardtack are relentlessly hard; the biscuits have very little taste. Considerabl
e quantities of water (as much as double a normal ration of water) must be consumed when living on such rations to make such food digestible; lack of water can also result in dehydration.
\par \tab If a party attempts to live on rations for more than three to four weeks at a time, the DM may rule that 1 point of Constitution is lost due to nutritional deficiency. This may be recovered by eating foods other than rations for one week.
\par \tab Hardtack, jerky, and the like are generally carried by human adventurers. Other rac
es have their own variations on rations. Elves in particular carry a mixture of nuts, corn, seeds, dried fruit, and small candies. This is sometimes carried as a loose mix, and is sometimes carried in small patties held together by brown sugar, honey, mol
asses, or lard. Either variation requires the consumption of extra water as explained above.
\par Cost: 7-15 gp (per one-week supply)
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Rope}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Rope is one of the most important items of equipment to an adventurer. A 50-foot length of rope will be used when climbing surfaces, pulling heavy loads, repelling down sheer cliffs, and traversing deep ravines. There are two basic types of ropes.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24 Hemp Rope:}{\fs24
Hemp is a tough, fibrous plant used to make stout rope. A hemp rope is rugged and durable, but very bulky and heavy. The diameter of a hemp rope can range from 1/4-inch to three inches or more (found primarily on ships). A fifty-foot length of hemp rop
e weighs nearly 20 pounds and is capable of holding more than 500 pounds of weight.
\par Cost: 1 gp
\par }{\fs28
\par }{\b\fs24 Silk Rope:}{\fs24 A silk rope is made of long threads of silk. The threads are braided together with other strands of silk to make thin cords, and these in turn are b
raided together into a pliable and stiff braid. A silk rope is less encumbering and easier to work with (its smooth texture is not as rough on the hands), but does not have the ability to hold as much weight as a hemp rope. Usually no more than 200 pounds
can be held by the line at once. A silk rope weighs about eight pounds for a 50-foot length.
\par Cost: 10 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Thieves' Picks and Tools}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab A thieves' toolkit comes in a flat, folding leather case or a rolled suede case and includes dozens of small tools. A set n
ormally contains 20 wires, ranging in gauge from the thickness of string to that of a slender pencil. Each is approximately 12 to 18 inches long. These are used to poke into small holes or push triggers or buttons from a short distance. The toolkit also i
n
cludes a set of 12 skeleton keys that fit many standard locks. Also in the set are several screwdrivers, a wire clipper, clamps, and pincers ranging in three sizes from minute, small, and average. Bundled with this package may be a small chisel, hacksaw,
and hammer.
\par \tab In some of the more deluxe toolkits, small vials of metal-eating acids may be found, along with magnifying glasses and slender pieces of high-tempered steel that are used as miniature crowbars. A thieves' toolkit will range in weight and size g
reatly, depending on the initial cost of the package.
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keep\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx720\outlinelevel1\adjustright {Cost:\tab Basic 30 gp
\par \tab Deluxe 50 gp
\par }\pard\plain \nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx468\tx1440\tx2160\tx2964\tx3588\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\adjustright \fs20 {\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Waterskin/Wineskin}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab Water and wine skins come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and materials. The most common type is the kidney-shaped goatskin bag with a metal cap on t
he narrow end. Other types may be encountered made of sheepskin, bearskin, or other hide. Barbaric races and humanoids (especially orcs, goblins, and hobgoblins) may adorn their waterskins with teeth, horns, or hooves of the animal that gave up its hide f
or the item.
\par \tab A waterskin of normal size can hold two quarts of water. Players should remember that a normal human requires two quarts of water per day to maintain good health. More water will be required in hot conditions or in cases of high physical activ
ity. Characters subsiding on dry rations also require more water. An active character may drink a gallon of water a day, and those trekking through deserts and open savannahs may find it necessary to drink as much as two gallons per day.
\par Cost: 8 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Weaponblack}{
\par }{\fs24
\par \tab This oily substance comes in small vials or jars. Such vials could potentially be mistaken for potions (consumption causes 1d10 points of damage).
\par \tab Weaponblack is used to smear the surfaces of
weapons and metal armor to coat them with a pasty, matte black finish, rendering them nearly invisible in darkness. Thieves who coat their blades gain a +5% bonus to their chances to Hide in Shadows. After a typical melee, the weaponblack will be wiped f
rom most of the blade from its heavy use. The weapon must be blackened again if desired. Armor will need its black coating touched up following a melee.
\par \tab A jar of weaponblack contains enough material to coat one full set of plate armor, two sets of scale mail, or three sets of chain mail. The same size jar can coat a long sword 10-12 times.
\par Cost: 1 gp
\par
\par
\par }{\fs44\cf9 Chapter 5
\par
\par Clothing
\par }{
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Introduction}{
\par }{\fs24
\par Clothing for the fantasy adventurer varies drastically between character classes, among social classes, from one city or
province to the next, and from campaign to campaign. The types of apparel presented here are the most commonly worn items of the medieval period.
\par \tab Many variations exist in each article of clothing. Fabrics, fasteners, embellishments, and the quality of cra
ftsmanship can all create wide variations in style, comfort, and durability. For example, a doublet might be made of silk, linen, or woolen cloth, depending upon the skill or location of the tailor. This must be taken into account when using the prices pr
esented here. The price ranges are intended to be guidelines only. Prices should be adjusted to suit the occasion within the adventure, taking into account the available materials and workmanship and the needs of the character.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 General Styles and Trends}{
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Peasant Clothing}{
\par }{\fs24 The peasant or poor beginning adventurer generally has few resources and wears whatever is available and functional. Such individuals rarely bother with fashion. Keeping warm is usually the first priority. Therefore, peasants tend to wear a
s many layers as possible.
\par \tab The most typical, basic, and fundamental peasant garment is the chemise, which is a loose shirt that covers the body from the neck to the thigh or mid-calf. A chemise may have long or short sleeves or may be sleeveless.
\par \tab The nex
t layers of clothing add two garments to the basic costume, a cote and surcote. These two articles of clothing are worn over the chemise, with the surcote over the cote. These items may vary in the extreme, ranging from a style resembling a knee-length tu
nic to variations on a simple or hooded cloak.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Academical Dress}{
\par }{\fs24 Early universities are often associated with the church, so many of the educated people, especially teachers, are of a Holy Order. Therefore, priestly and academic dress are practically identical.
\par \tab The earliest medieval Ecclesiastical dress is the same as the everyday clothing of the average person. This consists of many loose, long tunics (down to the ankles), a hood with shoulder cape, hose, and shoes. A round hat with a tab or nub on the top
may also be worn.
\par \tab While secular styles change, the dress of priests and academics tends to remain the same. This stagnant style has the effect of distinguishing the academic community from other members of the equivalent class level. Many priests wear si
milar types of clothing and can therefore be immediately identified as either an educated person or a member of a priestly society.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Sumptuary Laws}{
\par }{\fs24 The Sumptuary Laws, historically passed from 1300 to 1700 A.D., were designed to restrict the import of fore
ign goods, and, more importantly, to maintain a social class structure by permitting only members of a certain class level and position to wear specific garments, fabrics and styles. For example, at one time, the most important indication of one's status
w
ithin the upper class was the type of fur that lined the edges of garments. Furs permitted only to the aristocracy included marten, vair, and ermine. In descending social importance order, other furs were otter, fox, beaver, lamb, goat, and wolf. Any comm
oner wearing restricted materials was subject to harsh punishment.
\par \tab Another example of a Sumptuary Law is the reservation of the color purple for persons of royalty. Specific purple dyes are made available only to the tailors of the aristocracy.
\par \tab At the DM'
s option, sumptuary laws might be created for certain cities, provinces, or countries. Therefore, specific materials may be hard for the adventurer to find for sale in the open market. Such laws will undoubtedly add flavor and color to role-playing and ma
y provide the basis for unusual adventures.
\par \tab Adventurers traveling from one kingdom to another could easily and unknowingly offend the local aristocracy by wearing a forbidden color or material. Common punishments include a specified term of hard labor, a w
hipping, or imprisonment. The severity of the punishment varies widely, depending on the kingdom and other factors.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Materials Used in Medieval Clothing}{
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Brocaded Material}{
\par }{\fs24 A rich fabric, often silk, woven with raised designs, usually with gold or silver thread. Highly sought by the upper classes.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Brocatelle}{
\par }{\fs24 An imitation of brocaded material executed with a combination of colored yarns. This material is used by members of the lower class to emulate genuine brocaded material.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Camlet, camelot}{
\par }{\fs24 This refers to a fabric that is rumored to be composed, in part, from an exotic animal's coat, namely camel hair. It actually refers to an elegant fabric that is a mixture of silk or velvet and some camel hair. Used only by the upper classes.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Fur}{
\par }{\fs24 Fur is the dressed pelt of various animals, used in the making of garments. It is used as the predominant material of some garments, while used only as trimming and decoration in others.
\par \tab Many outer garments that are designed specifically for warmth are made of fur, and may line
the inside or the outside of such a garment. Peasant cloaks and other fur-lined garments are usually composed of sheepskin, wolfskin, or other smaller mammals. Other furs used primarily by the lower classes include rabbit and common squirrel. The poorer
people tend to stitch pieces of smaller animal furs together to provide protection from the cold.
\par \tab Some furs are restricted and are allowed to be worn only by the upper class. Furs reserved for the aristocracy included sable, ermine, and vair. Especially pr
ized by royalty is the darker skinned sable and black-tipped white ermine. A vair is a highly sought species of squirrel.
\par \tab An adventurer could make a good deal of money selling furs if a good furrier and a willing buyer of the furs were discovered. Such en
trepreneurs should remember that some furs are not only restricted for wearing, but merely owning the animal's hide may be illegal.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Leather
\par }{\fs24 Leather may be created from the
hide or skin of any animal, bird, or reptile. The skin is tanned or treated to preserve it. Leather is used in the creation of many objects of clothing and armor. The major advantage of leather is that it provides adequate protection while remaining flex
ible and supple, for quiet and complex maneuvering.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Articles of Clothing}{
\par }{\fs24
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Apron}{
\par }{\fs24 Aprons are worn for a variety of reasons. The most common uses are to protect clothing and the wearer of the apron. This can range from a simple cloth apron worn while preparin
g a meal to the wearing of a leather apron by a blacksmith. Such aprons are made of thick leather and are intended to protect the wearer from flying sparks and chips of metal.
\par Cost: Cloth 5-8 sp, Leather 8-12 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Bag, Pouch, Almoner, Gipser}{
\par }{\fs24 These pouches a
re made from a variety of fabrics including leather, silk, wool, or linen and come in a variety of sizes. A special type of pouch is called the almoner. It is worn by members of the upper class and is used especially for holding money to be given as alms,
hence the name.
\par \tab All such items are usually attached at the belt or girdle. The pouch might be in plain sight, or, often in populated areas, it might be belted to the undertunic so the wandering eyes of thieves wouldn't see it.
\par Cost: 4-8 cp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Baladrana}{
\par }{\fs24 This is a full, wide cloak with a hood used by travelers to protect against the rain.
\par Cost: 6-9 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Baldric, Bandoleer}{
\par }{\fs24 Usually made of leather (or silk for those who can afford it), this article of clothing is slung around the body from one shoulder to the opp
osite hip and is used to carry a dagger, pouch, bugle, or sword. Some baldrics are decorated with bells or tassels along the bottom edge. Baldrics are used both for decoration by the lords and ladies of the aristocracy, and for practical purposes by adven
turers and government officials. Women of the upper class may wear silk baldrics with gold bells for ornamentation.
\par \tab Decorative baldrics always have tassels, bells, or other adornments and are made of fashionable materials such as silk or brocade. Functional baldrics, in contrast, are composed only of leather and a buckle, for ease of use and practicality.
\par Cost: Ornamental 25-50 gp, Leather 7-10 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Band}{
\par }{\fs24 Bands are variations of collars that include the ruff that is favored by royalty. Some bands simply fold
over the outer shirt and are called a falling band, while others are designed to stand up, and are appropriately called a standing band. The ruff is reserved for formal occasions, while a falling band might be used for daily wear by an official. Most peas
ants and adventurers believe the wearing of these bands to be snobbish and a blatant attempt to emulate the aristocracy.
\par Cost: 1-4 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Boots}{
\par }{\fs24 Boots are an important part of the wardrobe for traveling and outdoor work and adventuring. They are
vital for protection against cold and wet conditions as well as hot and rocky terrains. Many peasants need to wear boots indoors as well, as their living conditions preclude much comfort or heat.
\par \tab Boots may be found in many stages of design. One of the mos
t popular is the pointed toe variety. The extended toe is especially popular among performers and jugglers, although thieves would do well to avoid them. The pointed toe tends to get in the way while climbing and running.
\par \tab Another common and functional boot is the leather, mid-calf boot with roll-tops, laced up the side. A variation on the mid-calfboot is the knee-high boots, worn by peasants and called cockers.
\par \tab Elegant designs reign at court. Such boots might be made of soft leather and even silk, embroidered or inlaid with gems. These are more for show than any practical purpose. See Shoes for more information about footwear.
\par Cost: 2-8 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Boot Hose}{
\par }{\fs24 These hose are cloth stockings worn inside the boot to protect the silk stocking underneath. They are not visible outside the boot and are generally used only by the upper class.
\par Cost: 1-5 cp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Braies}{
\par }{\fs24 Braies are shapeless trousers held up by a drawstring at the waist, worn by men. They are usually kneelength or longer, with the bottoms either being tucked into s
tockings or bound with leg wrappings. Braies form the basic daily legwear for the commoner.
\par Cost: 6-10 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Breeches}{
\par }{\fs24 This outergarment is worn by males. Breeches cover the hips and legs down to the knees. This garment has many different styles, from full, puffed designs made from expensive material to tights made with common cloth, similar to the braie.
\par Cost: 2-5 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Buckle}{
\par }{\fs24 A seemingly inconspicuous piece of a person's clothing, buckles actually hold great significance. The buckle is one of the items that de
notes wealth and status within society. Materials used to create buckles include silver, gold, iron, steel, copper, and even ceramic. Along with the basic form of the buckle, these items might be engraved, inset with jewels, or otherwise adorned.
\par Cost: Common 1-4 gp, Ornamental 10-20 gp
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Cannons}{
\par }{\fs24 Cannons are tube-like breeches that fit snugly over a man's thighs, down to his knees. This article of clothing is usually embroidered in colored silk, gold, or silver thread. Cannons are worn chiefly by the upper classes.
\par Cost: 8-12 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Caps}{
\par }{\fs24 Many types of caps exist, but the most useful type for adventurers is a fur cap necessary in cold climates. High quality versions of this cap may have ear-coverings attached. Generally, caps fit closely on the head and are usually brimless.
\par Cost: 1-4 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Cassock}{
\par }{\fs24 A cassock is a long coat or cloak worn outdoors. It is used chiefly by soldiers and hunters. It is
worn unbelted, and buttons down the front. This garment is used, especially by hunters, for extra warmth while out in the cold. The soldier's version also serves as an identifying uniform.
\par Cost: 6-10 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Caul}{
\par }{\fs24 These are netted caps worn by women, made of silk and wool with various designs. For practicality, a caul is used by women to keep long hair out of the way. For decoration, a more elaborate caul is used during formal functions and gatherings.
\par Cost: 3-7 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Chainse, Chemise}{
\par }{\fs24 This is a white linen undert
unic worn under the bilaud, the overtunic. The sleeves of the chainse are fitted at the wrists and are visible beneath the overtunic. The neckline is a simple roundcut with a short slit. This is the most common garment for the peasant. Men of higher class
es wear other outer coverings over the chemise.
\par Cost: 1-6 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Cloak, Mantle}{
\par }{\fs24 The cloak can be made in every possible shape with just about every type of fabric. The most common forms are a circular piece of fabric with a hole in the center for the head, and
fabric draped from neck, connected by a chain, brooch, cord, or pins.
\par \tab A common double use of the cloak is as a blanket in the wilderness. Outdoor cloaks are large and made of durable, thick fabric to keep the adventurer warm during those cold nights under the stars.
\par Cost: 2-8 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Coif}{
\par }{\fs24 Coifs are white linen caps worn by both sexes. They fit closely on the head and are tied under the chin. The coif is used as a sleeping cap and as an underlayer beneath another hat.
\par Cost: 1-6 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Doublet}{
\par }{\fs24 This is a shirt, usually fastened up the front with buttons, and sometimes having a short, skirt-like section or peplum. There are many style variations of doublets.
\par Cost: 1-6 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Drawers}{
\par }{\fs24 Drawers are an undergarment for the body and legs, usually made of white linen. Drawers are worn under other trousers to provide additional warmth.
\par Cost: 4-8 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Ferronniere}{
\par }{\fs24 This item of jewelry is a thin chain worn around the forehead with a small jewel set in the center. The ferroniere is worn exclusively by ladies of th
e upper class. The wearing of a ferronniere is considered to be an elegant touch within the aristocracy. An adventurer hoping to impress someone of high station might benefit from wearing a tasteful ferronniere.
\par Cost: 50-100 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Fitchet}{
\par }{\fs24 Not an item of clot
hing but a feature on a garment, a fitchet is a vertical opening at the hip of a gown or surcoat, used to reach the belt and pouch concealed within. This is convenient for hiding valuables in a pouch under many layer of outer garments, making it difficult
for a thief to filch the bag.
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Gamash}{
\par }{\fs24 These long leggings are worn outside other leg garments to protect the wearer from cold and wet weather. They are made of cloth and are buttoned down the outside of the leg.
\par Cost: 3-8 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Garnache}{
\par }{\fs24 This outer garment co
vers the wearer from the neck down to the ankles. It has wide, elbow-length sleeves cut as part of the garment, like a cape. This allows the wearer to hide bulky items, such as weapons or pouches, under the garnache without attracting attention.
\par \tab Thieves and fighters especially favor this garment for its excellent ability to conceal objects and allow the wearer full, unhindered movement.
\par Cost: 5-10 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Girdle}{
\par }{\fs24 The girdle, in its usage a
s it applies to the medieval period, is a belt for the hips or waist. It is worn by both men and women. The girdle is made of metal, leather, cord, or fabric and often has one or two ends hanging loosely. Objects may be hung from the girdle to add embelli
shment to the overall outfit.
\par Cost: 1-6 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Gloves}{
\par }{\fs24 Gloves come in many different types and styles. The most common type is a leather glove worn to protect the wearer from cold weather and from injury. A heavier leather gauntleted glove is used for falconry
and hawking, to provide a perch for the bird and to protect the falconer.
\par \tab Another functional glove is one designed for archery. Designed to be worn with a normal pair of gloves, the archery glove has two or three reinforced leather fingerstalls which are buttoned across the wrist to provide protection when firing arrows.
\par \tab Decorative gloves are also worn by men of the noble class. These gloves are made of soft leather, suede, or kid and are adorned with embroidery, jewels, and fringes.
\par \tab In general, gloves are worn mainly by the upper class. Peasants make do with either cloth mittens or by wrapping their hands in the extra long sleeves of their shirts.
\par \tab Many customs have been built around gloves. Knights wear them as favors in their helmets during tournaments. They may be used as pledges and can be tossed down as a challenge.
\par Cost: Leather 1-3 gp, Archer 3-8 gp, Ornate 10-20 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Gorget}{
\par }{\fs24 The gorget is a collarlike article of clothing for the neck, full and broad in front. This originally referred to a piece of a
rmor that protected the neck, but it also applies to the article of clothing men and women of the upper class wear around the neck.
\par Cost: 1-3 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Hoods}{
\par }{\fs24 Hoods are used to keep the head dry and warm in inclement weather. Hoods were originally a simple head c
overing, but evolved into more elaborate designs such as a hood with a small cape attached. See liripipe for a specific version of a popular hood.
\par Cost: 1-6 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Hose}{
\par }{\fs24 Hose are a common covering for the legs. The original design was as roughly-fitting trouse
rs; they evolved into a tighter-fitting garment. The material used to make hose can range from homespun cloth for peasants to velvet and silk for the wealthy. This article of clothing is worn instead of drawers. The main difference is that hose have a tig
hter fit than drawers. Both garments serve the same function, keeping the wearer's legs warm.
\par Cost: 1-3 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Liripipe}{
\par }{\fs24 This is a hood with a long peak that can reach a length of 2 to 6 feet. The length of the peak varies with the fashion of the day. Jokers, jugglers and other performers especially favor the liripipe.
\par Cost: 5-10 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Pantaloons}{
\par }{\fs24 These are various forms of loose coverings for the legs, reaching from the waist t
o the calves. Pantaloons are tight fitting at the waist and calves, emphasizing the owner's stockings and footwear. They are worn primarily by the upper class while indoors, such as in court.
\par Cost: 1-6 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Ruff}{
\par }{\fs24 This tight, ruffled collar is worn encircling
the entire neck. The ruff is highly admired within the upper class and is used almost exclusively by aristocracy. Although held in disdain by the lower class and most adventurers, the ruff is an excellent piece of clothing for a thief to own, especially
one who enjoys disguises. Wearing an authentic ruff in conjunction with other appropriate upper class clothing will almost always guarantee entrance to aristocratic functions with little or no fuss over invitations.
\par Cost: 8-12 gp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Shirt}{
\par }{\fs24 Any undergarment covering the top half of the body may be considered a shirt. This is a basic piece of clothing worn next to the skin.
\par Cost: 1-3 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Shoes}{
\par }{\fs24 Peasants and poor adventurers often wear a simple piece of rawhide as footwear, often with the fur still on it. A leather thong is threaded through the top of the piece of leather and tied at the top in order to hold the leather in place.
\par \tab Wealthier people wear a basic leather shoe, constructed with a pointed toe. The length of the toe varies according to
the individual shoemaker. Some shoe points are so long that they must be chained up and fastened at the knee. This type of shoe would be a hindrance to an adventurer, but might be worn in a city.
\par Cost: Rawhide 1-3 sp, Leather shoe 8-12 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Slop}{
\par }{\fs24 This term describes many loose fitting articles of clothing such as cloaks, mantles, gowns, or baggy breeches. The term }{\i\fs24 slop}{\fs24 indicates a particularly cheap, ready-made garment; therefore the low cost.
\par Cost: 5-8 cp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Surcoat, Surcote}{
\par }{\fs24 A surcote is a loose-fitting garme
nt worn over a cote or tunic. There are many styles of surcotes, some with sleeves, hoods, capes, or any combination thereof. The surcoat is used primarily as another layer for warmth and is worn by the middle class.
\par Cost: 5-10 sp
\par
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Tabard}{
\par }{\fs24 A tabard is a lo
ose-fitting, rectangular piece of cloth that hangs back and front over the tunic. It was originally used to cover armor from the sun's rays, keeping the wearer cooler, but has developed into clothing adopted by non-armored men and women. A person's symbol
, colors, coat of arms, or other identifying marks are commonly placed on this garment.
\par Cost: 4-8 sp
\par
\par }{\b\fs24\cf9 Tunic}{
\par }{\fs24 This body garment is slipped over the head and may be styled with or without sleeves. It may be girded at the waist. This garment can be knee- or ankle-length and is sometimes called a cote.
\par }\pard\plain \s2\keepn\nowidctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx227\tx468\tx1440\tx2160\tx2964\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5731\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\tx10080\outlinelevel1\adjustright {Cost: 5-10 sp
\par }}
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